Qualidade da água utilizada para irrigação de hortaliças na região de Botucatu - SP e saúde pública
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Data
2006-01-27
Autores
Fravet, Ana Maria Morato Fávero de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A prática da irrigação de hortaliças com águas contaminadas, e o consumo dessas in natura pela população pode constituir uma fonte de transmissão de várias doenças infecciosas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade da água utilizada para irrigação por produtores de hortaliças da região de Botucatu / São Paulo. O procedimento metodológico consistiu na elaboração e preenchimento de um questionário de forma a se obter um cadastro do produtor com informações sobre área irrigada, hortaliças cultivadas, fonte de água, sistema de irrigação, etc. Foram entrevistados 27 produtores que vendem hortaliças nas feiras livres de Botucatu. Dentre esses produtores, foram selecionados dez, sendo um de cada localidade. Foram coletadas três amostras de água de cada fonte e analisados os seguintes parâmetros: pH, CE, Ferro, OD, Nitrato, Nitrito, Sólidos, Coliformes totais e fecais (termotolerantes), cor e turbidez. As temperaturas do ar e da água foram medidas na hora da coleta. Os principais padrões para avaliar os resultados obtidos foram os da Resolução do CONAMA (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente) N° 357, de 17 de março de 2005, que estabelece os padrões para classificação dos corpos de água. A Condutividade Elétrica foi avaliada segundo valor sugerido pela CETESB e a cor foi verificada conforme a OMS (Organização Mundial da Saúde), para água potável devido a Resolução n° 357/05 do CONAMA não estipular um valor para classificação. Os resultados obtidos foram os seguintes: Para Oxigênio Dissolvido, Nitrito, Coliformes Totais, Sólidos Totais e Turbidez, 100% das amostras estão dentro dos 2 padrões estabelecidos pela Legislação; para o pH, 80% dos resultados, se enquadraram no valor estabelecido pelo CONAMA; para o Ferro, 40% das analises apresentam valores de acordo com o estipulado pela Legislação; para a CE, 30% dos resultados... .
The vegetables irrigation practice with polluted waters and the consumption of those in natura for the population can constitute a source of transmission of several infectious diseases. This work had as objective analyzes the water quality used for irrigation by the vegetables producers of Botucatu / São Paulo area. The methodological procedure consisted of the elaboration and completion of a questionnaire with the objetive to obtain a register of the producer with information on irrigated area, cultivated vegetables, source of water, overhead irrigation, etc. They were interviewed 27 producers that sell vegetables in the street markets of Botucatu. Among these producers, ten were selected, being one of each place. Three samples of water of each source were collected and analyzed the following parameters: pH, CE, Iron, DO, Nitrate, Nitrito, Solids, total and fecal Coliformes (thermotolerants), color and turbidity. The air and water temperatures were measured in the collection time. The main standard to evaluate the obtained results were the CONAMA Resolution (National Environment Council) N° 357, March 17, 2005, that it establishes the standard for water classification. The Electric Conductivity was evaluated of agreement value suggested by CETESB and the color was verified according to OMS (Health World Organization), for potable water due to CONAMA Resolution n° 357/05 not to stipulate a value for classification. 4 The obtained results were the following ones: For Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrito, Total Coliformes, Total Solids and Turbidity, 100% of the samples are according to the legislation established standard; for the pH, 80% of results, it fits in the established value by CONAMA; for the Iron, 40% of the analyzes presents agreement values with stipulated by the legislation; for CE, 30% of the results are in agreement with CETESB; just a place didn't present color result according to... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
The vegetables irrigation practice with polluted waters and the consumption of those in natura for the population can constitute a source of transmission of several infectious diseases. This work had as objective analyzes the water quality used for irrigation by the vegetables producers of Botucatu / São Paulo area. The methodological procedure consisted of the elaboration and completion of a questionnaire with the objetive to obtain a register of the producer with information on irrigated area, cultivated vegetables, source of water, overhead irrigation, etc. They were interviewed 27 producers that sell vegetables in the street markets of Botucatu. Among these producers, ten were selected, being one of each place. Three samples of water of each source were collected and analyzed the following parameters: pH, CE, Iron, DO, Nitrate, Nitrito, Solids, total and fecal Coliformes (thermotolerants), color and turbidity. The air and water temperatures were measured in the collection time. The main standard to evaluate the obtained results were the CONAMA Resolution (National Environment Council) N° 357, March 17, 2005, that it establishes the standard for water classification. The Electric Conductivity was evaluated of agreement value suggested by CETESB and the color was verified according to OMS (Health World Organization), for potable water due to CONAMA Resolution n° 357/05 not to stipulate a value for classification. 4 The obtained results were the following ones: For Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrito, Total Coliformes, Total Solids and Turbidity, 100% of the samples are according to the legislation established standard; for the pH, 80% of results, it fits in the established value by CONAMA; for the Iron, 40% of the analyzes presents agreement values with stipulated by the legislation; for CE, 30% of the results are in agreement with CETESB; just a place didn't present color result according to... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hortaliças, Irrigação, Água - Qualidade, Vegetables, Irrigation, Water quality
Como citar
FRAVET, Ana Maria Morato Fávero de. Qualidade da água utilizada para irrigação de hortaliças na região de Botucatu - SP e saúde pública. 2006. viii, 71 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2006.