Desempenho de gotejadores com uso de efluente de esgoto doméstico tratado
Data
2008-06-19
Autores
Pletsch, Talita Aparecida [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de águas residuárias de esgoto doméstico tratado permite uma otimização dos recursos hídricos disponíveis, melhorando assim a sua oferta. O uso para fins agrícolas a cada dia se mostra uma possibilidade vantajosa de reúso, pois aceita o uso de águas com qualidade inferior ao exigido pelo abastecimento urbano e necessita de grandes quantidades. Segundo Almeida et al.(2006), a uniformidade possui maior importância quando o sistema de irrigação é utilizado para fazer a fertirrigação, pois, para o bom desempenho, é necessário o conhecimento das características hidráulicas do emissor e uniformidade de aplicação de água do sistema de irrigação utilizado. Diante desta realidade de reúso de efluentes para irrigação por gotejamento, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a vazão dos gotejadores, a curva relação vazão-pressão, a sua equação característica, o coeficiente de variação de vazão (CVQ), e também avaliar a uniformidade de aplicação de água, calculando os seguintes coeficientes: coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição (CUD), o coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC) e o coeficiente de uniformidade estatístico (CUE), do tubo gotejador da marca Netafim, modelo Tiran 17, utilizado para a irrigação com água residuária de esgoto doméstico tratado.O experimento foi realizado em uma bancada de ensaios no Laboratório de Irrigação da UNESP-FCA, Campus de Botucatu-SP. Foi utilizado um segmento do tubo gotejador contendo 25 emissores, onde se mediu a vazão com as seguintes pressões: 40, 50, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300 kPa, com quatro repetições para cada gotejador. Após os ensaios, o tubo gotejador foi submetido a 1000 horas de trabalho com água residuária de esgoto doméstico tratado. Foram realizados os mesmos ensaios iniciais após 500 horas e 1000 horas de trabalho com água tratada...
The use of wastewater of treated household drain allows an optimization of available hydro resources, increasing the offer of a scarce product. The use in agriculture becomes, each day, more advantageous for its reuse due to its acceptance of water with a lower quality in view of the water demanded by the urban supply and the demanding of a great quantity. According to Almeida et al.(2006), the uniformity is more important when the system of irrigation is used to make the fertirrigation. For a good performance it’s important to know the hydraulic characteristics of the emitter and uniformity of water application of the irrigation system. In order of the reuse of effluents for drip irrigation, this paper aims to determine the flow of drippers, the curve relation flow-pressure, its equation, the flow coefficient of variation (CVQ) as well as to evaluate the uniformity of water application by calculating the follow coefficients: distribution uniformity coefficient (CUD), Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) and the statistical uniformity coefficient (CUE) of the drip pipeof the Netafim brand, model Tiran 17, used for irrigation with wastewater of treated household drain. The experiment was accomplished in a test bank in the Irrigation Laboratory of UNESP-FCA, Campus of Botucatu in São Paulo state. It was used 25 drippers where the flow was measured with increasing pressures of 40, 50, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300 kPa, with four repetitions for each dripper. After the tests the drip pipe was submitted to 1000 hours of work with wastewater of treated household drain. The same tests were carried out after 500 hours and 1000 hours of working but with treated water. The results of the new pipe after the 500 working hours with treated household effluents for CVQ, were classified as good, according to the ABNT (1987) chart. The CUD, CUC and CUE not only before but also... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The use of wastewater of treated household drain allows an optimization of available hydro resources, increasing the offer of a scarce product. The use in agriculture becomes, each day, more advantageous for its reuse due to its acceptance of water with a lower quality in view of the water demanded by the urban supply and the demanding of a great quantity. According to Almeida et al.(2006), the uniformity is more important when the system of irrigation is used to make the fertirrigation. For a good performance it’s important to know the hydraulic characteristics of the emitter and uniformity of water application of the irrigation system. In order of the reuse of effluents for drip irrigation, this paper aims to determine the flow of drippers, the curve relation flow-pressure, its equation, the flow coefficient of variation (CVQ) as well as to evaluate the uniformity of water application by calculating the follow coefficients: distribution uniformity coefficient (CUD), Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) and the statistical uniformity coefficient (CUE) of the drip pipeof the Netafim brand, model Tiran 17, used for irrigation with wastewater of treated household drain. The experiment was accomplished in a test bank in the Irrigation Laboratory of UNESP-FCA, Campus of Botucatu in São Paulo state. It was used 25 drippers where the flow was measured with increasing pressures of 40, 50, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300 kPa, with four repetitions for each dripper. After the tests the drip pipe was submitted to 1000 hours of work with wastewater of treated household drain. The same tests were carried out after 500 hours and 1000 hours of working but with treated water. The results of the new pipe after the 500 working hours with treated household effluents for CVQ, were classified as good, according to the ABNT (1987) chart. The CUD, CUC and CUE not only before but also... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Irrigação por gotejamento, Aguas residuais, Agua - Reutilização, Wastewater, Trickle irrigation, Water’s uniformity of application, Environmental contamination, Nutrients readiness
Como citar
PLETSCH, Talita Aparecida. Desempenho de gotejadores com uso de efluente de esgoto doméstico tratado. 2008. vii, 48 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Unviversidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2008.