Água e o manejo ambiental como fatores de risco para saúde humana e saúde animal em propriedades rurais
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Data
2008-02-27
Autores
Satake, Fernanda Michele [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo teve por objetivo conhecer a qualidade da água, os tipos e as características das fontes de água de abastecimento humano e animal e o manejo ambiental em propriedades rurais situadas na Microbacia do Córrego Rico, Jaboticabal – SP. Foram analisados parâmetros microbiológicos, que incluíram o Número Mais Provável (NMP) de coliformes totais, Escherichia coli (EC) e contagem de microrganismos mesófilos; parâmetros físico-químicos, como teores de nitrato, turbidez e cor; além do levantamento sócio-ambiental, realizado por meio de entrevista. As amostras foram colhidas nos dois regimes pluviométricos e nenhuma diferença foi encontrada entre os parâmetros analisados. 93,1% e 65,51% da água das fontes de abastecimento estavam fora dos padrões de potabilidade para coliformes totais e EC respectivamente. Da mesma forma, 86,20% e 51,72% das amostras de consumo humano estavam em desacordo com os mesmos padrões de potabilidade. A alta porcentagem de propriedades que não atendem a pelo menos um dos padrões de potabilidade exigidos pela legislação mostra que a água utilizada no meio rural é de extremo risco à saúde humana e animal especialmente quando se constata que a maioria dos proprietários não considera sua água como causadora de enfermidades ou de baixa qualidade. É necessária uma ação urgente no sentido de melhorar e preservar a qualidade da água dessas propriedades, e conseqüentemente da Microbacia, para que seja possível diminuir o risco de ocorrência de enfermidades de veiculação hídrica no meio rural.
The present research was carried out with the aim of screening the water quality, types and characteristics of human and animal water sources and the environmental management from rural farms located in Córrego Rico watershed, Jaboticabal – SP. Microbiological parameters were analyzed, such as Most Probable Number (MPN) of total coliforms, Escherichia coli (EC) and mesophylic microorganism counting; physical-chemistry parameters such as nitrate, turbidity and color; besides social environment survey trough interview. The samples were collected during the two pluviometric periods and no difference was found between the parameters analyzed. 93,1% e 65,51% from water sources were beyond the potability standards for total coliforms and EC respectively. The same results were found in human consumption samples, where 86,20% e 51,72% were beyond the same potability standards. The high percentage of properties that do not attend at least one of the potability standards demanded by legislation shows that the water utilized in rural areas is extremely risk to human and animal health, especially when is verified that most of the farmers do not consider their water as cause of illness or with low quality. A urgent action is necessary in order to improve and preserve the water quality from this properties, and consequently from the watershed, then it would be possible to decrease the risk of occurrence water-carried-disease in rural areas.
The present research was carried out with the aim of screening the water quality, types and characteristics of human and animal water sources and the environmental management from rural farms located in Córrego Rico watershed, Jaboticabal – SP. Microbiological parameters were analyzed, such as Most Probable Number (MPN) of total coliforms, Escherichia coli (EC) and mesophylic microorganism counting; physical-chemistry parameters such as nitrate, turbidity and color; besides social environment survey trough interview. The samples were collected during the two pluviometric periods and no difference was found between the parameters analyzed. 93,1% e 65,51% from water sources were beyond the potability standards for total coliforms and EC respectively. The same results were found in human consumption samples, where 86,20% e 51,72% were beyond the same potability standards. The high percentage of properties that do not attend at least one of the potability standards demanded by legislation shows that the water utilized in rural areas is extremely risk to human and animal health, especially when is verified that most of the farmers do not consider their water as cause of illness or with low quality. A urgent action is necessary in order to improve and preserve the water quality from this properties, and consequently from the watershed, then it would be possible to decrease the risk of occurrence water-carried-disease in rural areas.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Water, Watershed, Rural propertie, Human health, Animal health, Risk factor, Água, Microbacias Hidrográficas, Propriedade rural, Saude animal, Saúde humana
Como citar
SATAKE, Fernanda Michele. Água e o manejo ambiental como fatores de risco para saúde humana e saúde animal em propriedades rurais. 2008. xx, 75 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.