Crescimento e qualidade da madeira de plantas jovens de híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla
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Data
2013-11-25
Autores
Hsing, Tseng Yao [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho visou avaliar a produção e caracterizar a madeira de cinco híbridos de Eucalyptus grandisx E. urophylla (C1, C2, C3, C4 e C5), com 2,25 anos de idade,como subsídios ao desenvolvimento de programas de melhoramento de eucalipto. Oexperimento foi implantando no espaçamento 3,5 x 2 m, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com 35 repetições de uma planta (“single tree plot”). Foi avaliado o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP) de todas as plantas do experimento e a partir desta avaliação foram abatidas quatro repetições de cada clone, com DAP em torno da média. Essas árvores foram seccionadas de metro em metro para a cubagem rigorosa (determinação do volume com e sem casca) e obtidos discos de 5 cm de espessura ao longo do fuste (DAP, e a 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% do comprimento do fuste) para determinação da densidade básica da madeira, da biomassa de madeira e de casca e para caracterização química da madeira (teor de extrativos, teor de lignina e celulose total, holocelulose e teor de cinzas). Também foi quantificada a biomassa de galhos e folhas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparação de médias pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os clones de E. grandis x E. urophylla diferem entre si, com destaque para o C5 com maior produção. A densidade básica da madeira é maior na base da árvore, com valores semelhantes nas demais posições do tronco. Dentre os clones, o C5 apresenta densidade básica superior ao C3 e C4, e o C2 também tem densidade superior ao C3. As características químicas da madeira variam pouco entre os clones. O clone 5 é promissor para continuidade em programas de melhoramento por apresentar tendência de superioridade aos demais clones avaliados. Apesar da idade jovem de avaliação do experimento, 2,25 anos, os clones demonstram bom potencial produtivo em Jaboticabal, SP
The present study aimed to evaluate the production and to characterization of wood from five hybrids of Eucalyptusgrandisx E. urophylla(2.25 years old) with application in development of eucalypt improvement program. The experiment was implemented in 3.5 x 2 meters spacing in a randomized block design with 35 replications of a plant (single tree plot). We evaluated all plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH) in the experiment. From this evaluation four replicates of each clone were sampled in the average DBH. These trees were cut on each meter to guarantee rigorous cubage (volume wascalculated with and without bark). Besides it was obtained discs along the stem (DBH, and 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of stem length) for the determination of wood density, biomass and wood bark and chemical characterization of wood (percentage of extractives, lignin and total cellulose, holocellulose and ash content). Was also quantified the biomass of branches and leaves. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Clones of E. grandis x E. urophylla exhibited different growth highlighting the C5 with greater production. The wood density was higher in the base of tree, but it was verified similar values in other positions of the stem. Among the clones, the basic density of C5 was higher than C3 e C4 and the C2 was higher than C3. The chemical wood characteristics has showed little variation among the clones. The C5 is promising to continue in breeding programs by presenting trend of superiority to the other clones. Despite the evaluation have been performed on young plants, 2.25 years, the clones have demonstrated satisfactory reproductive potential in Jaboticabal, São Paulo state, Brazil.
The present study aimed to evaluate the production and to characterization of wood from five hybrids of Eucalyptusgrandisx E. urophylla(2.25 years old) with application in development of eucalypt improvement program. The experiment was implemented in 3.5 x 2 meters spacing in a randomized block design with 35 replications of a plant (single tree plot). We evaluated all plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH) in the experiment. From this evaluation four replicates of each clone were sampled in the average DBH. These trees were cut on each meter to guarantee rigorous cubage (volume wascalculated with and without bark). Besides it was obtained discs along the stem (DBH, and 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of stem length) for the determination of wood density, biomass and wood bark and chemical characterization of wood (percentage of extractives, lignin and total cellulose, holocellulose and ash content). Was also quantified the biomass of branches and leaves. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Clones of E. grandis x E. urophylla exhibited different growth highlighting the C5 with greater production. The wood density was higher in the base of tree, but it was verified similar values in other positions of the stem. Among the clones, the basic density of C5 was higher than C3 e C4 and the C2 was higher than C3. The chemical wood characteristics has showed little variation among the clones. The C5 is promising to continue in breeding programs by presenting trend of superiority to the other clones. Despite the evaluation have been performed on young plants, 2.25 years, the clones have demonstrated satisfactory reproductive potential in Jaboticabal, São Paulo state, Brazil.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Eucalipto, Produtividade agrícola, Madeira - Densidade, Madeira - Quimica, Plantas - Melhoramento genetico, Wood
Como citar
HSING, Tseng Yao. Crescimento e qualidade da madeira de plantas jovens de híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla. 2013. vi, 32 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.