Caracterização e seleção de isolados de Bacillus thuringiensis efetivos contra Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763
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Data
2008-07-11
Autores
Silva, Najara da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Como alternativa ao controle químico, principal método de controle de pragas agrícolas, a bactéria entomopatogênica Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) é um agente de controle com características tóxicas e ambientais que permitem o controle de insetos-praga de acordo com as premissas do MIP. Com o objetivo de buscar novas linhagens potencialmente tóxicas para Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Coleóptera, Curculinidae), caracterizou-se molecularmente 1.073 isolados de B. thuringiensis de diferentes partes do Brasil quanto ao conteúdo do gene cry35Ba. O material genético foi extraído através do kit InstaGene Matrix, utilizado para a amplificação das seqüências através da técnica de PCR, sendo os resultados visualizados em gel de agarose 1,5%. A classe do gene cry35Ba foi representada por 60 isolados (5,6%) de Bt, os quais foram submetidos ao bioensaio com larvas de S. oryzae. Dentre os isolados estudados, quatro causaram mortalidade acima de 50% nos testes de patogenicidade, e os isolados 544 e 622 foram os mais virulentos, conforme determinado pela estimativa da CL50. Nos quatro isolados que demonstraram toxicidade, foi detectado através da microscopia eletrônica a presença de cristais esféricos, e um isolado apresentou cristais bipiramidais e cubóides e pôde-se verificar proteínas com 44 kDa, referentes aos genes cry35Ba por SDS-Page. Esses dados demonstram o potencial de Bt no manejo de S. oryzae e estudos são necessários para determinar a melhor forma de utilização desta tecnologia no manejo dessa praga.
An alternative to chemical control, which is the major agricultural pest control method, the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is a control agent with toxic and environmental characteristics that allows the control of pest insects according to the IPM precepts. In order to find new strains, potentially toxic to Sitophilus oryzae Lineu, 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculinidae), 1073 strains of B. thuringiensis from different parts of Brazil were characterized molecularly for the cry35Ba gene. Genetic material was extracted with InstaGene Matrix kit, used for the amplification of sequences in PCR, and viewed in 1,5% agarose gel. The gene cry35Ba class was represented by 60 B. thuringiensis isolates (5.6%), which were then subjected to bioassays with S. oryzae larvae. Among the isolates studied, four caused more than 50% mortality in the pathogenicity tests, and the isolates 544 and 622 were the most virulent, as determined by CL50 estimates. The four isolates the were toxic showed in the electron microscopy the presence of spherical, and isolates one presented crystals bipyramidal and cuboid crystals, and a 44-kDa protein was found in SDS-Page, which correspond to the product of cry35Ba genes. These data demonstrate the potential of B. thuringiensis for the management of S. oryzae larvae. More studies are required to determine the best use of these isolates for pest management.
An alternative to chemical control, which is the major agricultural pest control method, the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is a control agent with toxic and environmental characteristics that allows the control of pest insects according to the IPM precepts. In order to find new strains, potentially toxic to Sitophilus oryzae Lineu, 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculinidae), 1073 strains of B. thuringiensis from different parts of Brazil were characterized molecularly for the cry35Ba gene. Genetic material was extracted with InstaGene Matrix kit, used for the amplification of sequences in PCR, and viewed in 1,5% agarose gel. The gene cry35Ba class was represented by 60 B. thuringiensis isolates (5.6%), which were then subjected to bioassays with S. oryzae larvae. Among the isolates studied, four caused more than 50% mortality in the pathogenicity tests, and the isolates 544 and 622 were the most virulent, as determined by CL50 estimates. The four isolates the were toxic showed in the electron microscopy the presence of spherical, and isolates one presented crystals bipyramidal and cuboid crystals, and a 44-kDa protein was found in SDS-Page, which correspond to the product of cry35Ba genes. These data demonstrate the potential of B. thuringiensis for the management of S. oryzae larvae. More studies are required to determine the best use of these isolates for pest management.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coleoptero, Bactéria entomopatogênica, Proteína cristal, Coleopterans, Crystal proteins, Entomopathogenic bacterium
Como citar
SILVA, Najara da. Caracterização e seleção de isolados de Bacillus thuringiensis efetivos contra Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763. 2008. vii, 40 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.