Cultivo de Mucor circinelloides em substratos líquido e sólido para produção de ácidos graxos insaturados
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Data
2007-11-01
Autores
Almeida, Alex Fernando de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os ácidos graxos insaturados, presentes naturalmente em óleos vegetais e peixes de áua fria, possuem potentes atividades biológicas como precursores antiinflamatórios e hormonais. A busca por novas fontes de organismos ricos em ácidos graxos insaturados da família ômega 6 tem-se intensificado. Os fungos filamentosos do solo da ordem Mucorales são conhecidos por possuírem naturalmente altas concentrações destes ácidos graxos. Neste estudo foram inicialmente utilizadas duas linhagens de Mucor circinelloides isoladas de solo de área de caatinga (M1) e cerrado (M2), com as quais foram realizados teste preliminares para selecionar a melhor linhagem produtora de ácido gama-linolênico (AGL). A partir dos resultados obtidos nos cultivos em sistema automatizado foram selecionadas as melhores fontes de carbono, glicose e maltose, para produção de biomassa e também o melhor pH 5,8 para o cultivo submerso. Nos cultivos submerso objetivando-se melhor produção de AGL, selecionouse a linhagem M1 sob as condições de cultivo com pH 5,8, temperatura 25° C, rotação de 150 rpm e inóculo com de 1.107 esporos.mL-1. Os cultivos em substrato sólido foram realizados com farinha de soja, farelo de trigo, polpa cítrica, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e casca de mandioca, acrescidos com extrato de levedura 1% e mantidos a 25° C, por 168 horas. Foram observados decréscimos no teor de lipídios totais (LT) em todos os cultivos realizados. A farinha de soja foi o melhor substrato para produção de AGL. Este substrato suplementado com diferentes suplementos carbônicos demonstrou que a mistura de óleo de canola: óleo de gergelim 2% (1:1 p/p) foi o maior indutor de AGL (6,2 g.Kg-1 Bioproduto; 26,0 g.g-1 LT). A adição de casca de arroz ao substrato melhorou a aera o do substrato e o aproveitamento deste pelo fungo, acentuando a forma o de AGL (8,4 g.Kg-1 Bioproduto; 36,3 g.g-1 LT). Os testes de temperatura
Unsaturated fatty acid naturally occur in vegetable oils and cold-water fishes. They have powerful biological activities being anti-inflammatory and hormone precursor. The search for new organisms which are rich in omega 6 unsaturated fatty acid family has been intensified. Soil filamentous fungi from Mucorales order are known by having high fatty acids concentrations. Firstly, two Mucor circinelloides strains isolated from caatinga soil area, M1, and from cerrado, M2, have been used. The preliminary tests have been carried out to select the best strain for production of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). From the automatized incubator system results, either the best carbon sources, glucose and maltose or the best pH, 5.8, have been selected for biomass production in submerged culture. In that cultures focused on better GLA production, M1 strain has been selected under pH 5.8, temperature of 25 C, 150 rpm rotation and with a 1.107 mL-1 spore inocula. The cultures in solid substrate have been carried out with soy flour, wheat bran, citric pulp, sugar cane bagasse and cassava rind, added with 1% yeast extract, at 25 C, for 168 hour. The increase of total lipids (TL) values of all cultures has been observed. The soy flour was the best substrate for GLA production. The substrate added with different carbonic supplements, demonstrated that canola:sesame 2% (1:1 w/w) oil mixture was the best inducer of GLA production (6.2 g.Kg-1 Bioproduct; 26.0 mg.g-1 TL). The rice rind addition in the substrate improved the aeration and the exploitation of it, for the fungi strain, increasing the GLA synthesis (8.4 g.Kg-1 Bioproduct; 36.3 mg.g-1 TL). Temperature tests have shown that 20 C during 144 hours followed by 12 C during 24 hours has leaded to a greater GLA production (12.9 g.Kg-1 Bioproduct; 43.4 mg.g-1 TL) When the spore concentration as increased to 1.108 spores.mL-1 there was an increase in the GLA production (14.2 g.Kg-1; 58.1 mg.g- 1 TL). The culture ...
Unsaturated fatty acid naturally occur in vegetable oils and cold-water fishes. They have powerful biological activities being anti-inflammatory and hormone precursor. The search for new organisms which are rich in omega 6 unsaturated fatty acid family has been intensified. Soil filamentous fungi from Mucorales order are known by having high fatty acids concentrations. Firstly, two Mucor circinelloides strains isolated from caatinga soil area, M1, and from cerrado, M2, have been used. The preliminary tests have been carried out to select the best strain for production of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). From the automatized incubator system results, either the best carbon sources, glucose and maltose or the best pH, 5.8, have been selected for biomass production in submerged culture. In that cultures focused on better GLA production, M1 strain has been selected under pH 5.8, temperature of 25 C, 150 rpm rotation and with a 1.107 mL-1 spore inocula. The cultures in solid substrate have been carried out with soy flour, wheat bran, citric pulp, sugar cane bagasse and cassava rind, added with 1% yeast extract, at 25 C, for 168 hour. The increase of total lipids (TL) values of all cultures has been observed. The soy flour was the best substrate for GLA production. The substrate added with different carbonic supplements, demonstrated that canola:sesame 2% (1:1 w/w) oil mixture was the best inducer of GLA production (6.2 g.Kg-1 Bioproduct; 26.0 mg.g-1 TL). The rice rind addition in the substrate improved the aeration and the exploitation of it, for the fungi strain, increasing the GLA synthesis (8.4 g.Kg-1 Bioproduct; 36.3 mg.g-1 TL). Temperature tests have shown that 20 C during 144 hours followed by 12 C during 24 hours has leaded to a greater GLA production (12.9 g.Kg-1 Bioproduct; 43.4 mg.g-1 TL) When the spore concentration as increased to 1.108 spores.mL-1 there was an increase in the GLA production (14.2 g.Kg-1; 58.1 mg.g- 1 TL). The culture ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fungos, Farinha de soja, Temperatura, Ácido gama-linolênico, Fungos filamentosos, Inóculo, Filamentous fungi, Soy flour, Gamma-linolenic acid, Temperature, Inocula
Como citar
ALMEIDA, Alex Fernando de. Cultivo de Mucor circinelloides em substratos líquido e sólido para produção de ácidos graxos insaturados. 2007. 109 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2007.