Padrão cinemático do chute no futebol: comparação entre endivíduos praticantes e não praticantes, nas situações de descanso e exaustidão
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Data
2003
Autores
Magalhães Júnior, Walter Jesus de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Definir um padrão para um determinado movimento esportivo é de extrema importância para que os profissionais de Educação Física e Esportes possam interferir na prática do ensino ou treinamento deste fenômeno. A Cinemática é uma área da Biomecânica que possui ferramentas suficientes para quantificar qualquer movimento, por mais complexo que seja. Visando a maior compreensão do comportamento do membro inferior na execução do chute no futebol, este estudo definiu e comparou os padrões cinemáticos dos segmentos da coxa, perna e pé em indivíduos praticantes e não praticantes de futebol, descansados e induzidos à exaustão. Foram convidados 10 participantes praticantes regulares de futebol e 10 participantes que não possuem prática regular ou nunca praticaram o esporte. O limiar anaeróbio dos 20 participantes foi calculado através do teste de TEGTBUR e cada participante , em descanso, foi filmado por quatro câmeras de vídeo com freqüência de 120 Hz executando 5 séries de chutes ao gol simulando uma cobrança de falta e posteriormente foram induzidos à exaustão para a execução de outras 5 séries de chutes. Os padrões cinemáticos foram determinados pelas curvas das projeções estereográficas e comparados entre os grupos através da análise por cluster. Foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos dos praticantes e o grupo dos não praticantes nas duas situações (descanso e exaustão) para os segmentos da coxa perna e pé, sendo que as maiores diferenças surgiram no segmento do pé. Já na comparação intragrupos para as situações de descanso e exaustão não foram obtidas diferenças significativas. Com base nestes resultados é possível concluir que há diferença na execução do movimento entre indivíduos praticantes e não praticantes de futebol no que diz respeito ao comportamento dos segmentos... .
Defining a sports movement patter is an important factor to help Physical Education and Sports professionals to understand and to intervene in the teaching and training of this phenomenon. The Kinematics is a Biomechanics' area that has enough tools to quantify a movement, does not matter his complexity. The purpose of this study was to have a great understanding of the lower limb behavior in the soccer kick, comparing the kinematic patterns of the thigh, shank and foot segments in soccer practitioners and non-practitioners in the rest and exhaustion situation. Ten soccer regular practitioners subjects and ten soccer non-practitioners subjects participated in this study. Anaerobic threshold was calculated through TEGTBUR test. In a rest situation, four video cameras (120 Hz) recorded each subject performing five free kicks to goal simulating a real situation of the game. After that they were induced to exhaustion condition from individual anaerobic threshold and performed more five free kicks. The images were transfer to computer and the kinematics patters were define through the stereographic projection curves of each segment and they were compared between the groups through the cluster analysis. Significant differences between the practitioners and non-practitioners groups in both situation (rest and exhaustion) of the thigh, shank and foot segments were found, with the greatest differences appearing in the foot segment. However, comparing the different situations inside the groups, no significant differences were found. According with this data we can conclude that there is a difference in the movement performance between soccer practitioners and non-practitioners subjects in the segments behavior analyzed, and these differences can be measured and compared. Furthermore it's possible to detect where these differences occur most. The results also oppose the hypothesis that this kind of fatigue can cause deficiency in the movement performance.
Defining a sports movement patter is an important factor to help Physical Education and Sports professionals to understand and to intervene in the teaching and training of this phenomenon. The Kinematics is a Biomechanics' area that has enough tools to quantify a movement, does not matter his complexity. The purpose of this study was to have a great understanding of the lower limb behavior in the soccer kick, comparing the kinematic patterns of the thigh, shank and foot segments in soccer practitioners and non-practitioners in the rest and exhaustion situation. Ten soccer regular practitioners subjects and ten soccer non-practitioners subjects participated in this study. Anaerobic threshold was calculated through TEGTBUR test. In a rest situation, four video cameras (120 Hz) recorded each subject performing five free kicks to goal simulating a real situation of the game. After that they were induced to exhaustion condition from individual anaerobic threshold and performed more five free kicks. The images were transfer to computer and the kinematics patters were define through the stereographic projection curves of each segment and they were compared between the groups through the cluster analysis. Significant differences between the practitioners and non-practitioners groups in both situation (rest and exhaustion) of the thigh, shank and foot segments were found, with the greatest differences appearing in the foot segment. However, comparing the different situations inside the groups, no significant differences were found. According with this data we can conclude that there is a difference in the movement performance between soccer practitioners and non-practitioners subjects in the segments behavior analyzed, and these differences can be measured and compared. Furthermore it's possible to detect where these differences occur most. The results also oppose the hypothesis that this kind of fatigue can cause deficiency in the movement performance.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Futebol, Biomecânica, Padrão cinemático, Kinematics patterns, Soccer, Biomechanics
Como citar
MAGALHÃES JÚNIOR, Walter Jesus de. Padrão cinemático do chute no futebol: comparação entre endivíduos praticantes e não praticantes, nas situações de descanso e exaustidão. 2003. vii, 93 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2003.