Avaliação in vitro do potencial anticárie e da abrasividade de dentifrícios fluoretados com pH ácido
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Data
2006-02-03
Autores
Alves, Karina Mirela Ribeiro Pinto [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Dentifrícios com concentração reduzida de flúor podem oferecer menor risco à fluorose dentária, porém sua efetividade deve ser mantida. O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o potencial anticárie a abrasividade de dentifrícios fluoretados com pH ácido. Para isso, foram utilizados 240 blocos de esmalte bovino, selecionados pela microdureza de superfície e dentifrícios experimentais contendo 0 (placebo), 275, 412, 550 e 1100 mg F/g (pH 7,0 e 4,5) e comerciais Crest® (1100 mg F/g, padrão) e Colgate Baby® (500 mg F/g). Blocos de esmalte (n=120) foram submetidos à ciclagem de pH e ao tratamento (2x/dia) com suspensão de dentifrícios. Em seguida, calculou-se a variação da microdureza de superfície, o conteúdo mineral e a quantidade de flúor, cálcio e fósforo no esmalte e nas soluções após a ciclagem. Para o teste de abrasividade (n=120) dos dentifricios utilizou-se maquina de escovacao e posterior analise perfilometrica. Os blocos de esmalte tratados com dentifricios acidos apresentaram menor perda mineral (ANOVA; p<0,05) quando comparados aos neutros. Os dentifricios 412 e 550 uÊg F/g acidos apresentaram resultados semelhantes (p>0,05) aos dos dentifricios 1100 uÊg F/g neutro e Crest. Houve correlacao positiva (Pearson; p<0,05) entre as concentracoes de fluor nos dentifricios, no esmalte e nas solucoes, com tambem com o fosforo presente nas solucoes. A abrasividade dos dentifricios acidos foi semelhante (p>0,05) a dos neutros e os comerciais apresentaram menor abrasao (p<0,05). Conclui-se que os dentifricios com 412 e 550 mg F/g acidos possuem acao anticariogenica semelhante a do Crest e que o pH nao influência a abrasividade dos dentifrícios.
Low-fluoride dentifrices may reduce the risk to enamel fluorosis; however, their effectiveness must be maintained. This in vitro study evaluated the anticariogenic potential and abrasiveness of acidic fluoride dentifrices. Enamel bovine blocks (n=240) were selected according to their surface microhardness and divided into groups containing 0 (placebo), 275, 412, 550 and 1,100 mg F/g (pH 4.5 or 7.0). Two commercial dentifrices were also studied: Crest (positive control) and Colgate Baby (500 mg F/g). Enamel blocks (n=120) were submitted to pH cycling and treatment (2 times/day) with dentifrice slurries. Variations in surface microhardness, mineral content and amount of fluoride, calcium and phosphate in enamel and slurries after pH cycling were calculated. Enamel blocks (n=120) and an automated toothbrushing machine were used to test dentifrice abrasiveness, which was evaluated by profilometry. Enamel blocks treated with acidic dentifrices exhibited less mineral loss compared to those exposed to neutral dentifrices (ANOVA; p<0.05). Acidic dentifrices with 412 and 550 ìg F/g presented similar outcomes (p>0.05) as neutral dentifrice with 1100 ìg F/g and Crest. Positive correlation (Pearson; p<0.05) was found between fluoride concentration in dentifrices and in enamel and slurry, as well as phosphate in slurries. The abrasiveness of acidic dentifrices was similar (p>0,05) to the neutral, whereas commercial dentifrices yielded lower abrasion (p<0.05). It was concluded that acidic dentifrices with 412 and 550 ìg F/g had the same anticariogenic action as the positive control. The pH had no influence on dentifrice abrasiveness.
Low-fluoride dentifrices may reduce the risk to enamel fluorosis; however, their effectiveness must be maintained. This in vitro study evaluated the anticariogenic potential and abrasiveness of acidic fluoride dentifrices. Enamel bovine blocks (n=240) were selected according to their surface microhardness and divided into groups containing 0 (placebo), 275, 412, 550 and 1,100 mg F/g (pH 4.5 or 7.0). Two commercial dentifrices were also studied: Crest (positive control) and Colgate Baby (500 mg F/g). Enamel blocks (n=120) were submitted to pH cycling and treatment (2 times/day) with dentifrice slurries. Variations in surface microhardness, mineral content and amount of fluoride, calcium and phosphate in enamel and slurries after pH cycling were calculated. Enamel blocks (n=120) and an automated toothbrushing machine were used to test dentifrice abrasiveness, which was evaluated by profilometry. Enamel blocks treated with acidic dentifrices exhibited less mineral loss compared to those exposed to neutral dentifrices (ANOVA; p<0.05). Acidic dentifrices with 412 and 550 ìg F/g presented similar outcomes (p>0.05) as neutral dentifrice with 1100 ìg F/g and Crest. Positive correlation (Pearson; p<0.05) was found between fluoride concentration in dentifrices and in enamel and slurry, as well as phosphate in slurries. The abrasiveness of acidic dentifrices was similar (p>0,05) to the neutral, whereas commercial dentifrices yielded lower abrasion (p<0.05). It was concluded that acidic dentifrices with 412 and 550 ìg F/g had the same anticariogenic action as the positive control. The pH had no influence on dentifrice abrasiveness.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fluor, Cáries dentárias - Prevenção e controle, Dentifrícios, Cárie dentária, Desmineralização, Escovação dentária, Abrasão dentária, Dentifrices, Fluorine, Dental caries - Prevention and control, Demineralization, Toothbrushing, Tooth abrasion
Como citar
ALVES, Karina Mirela Ribeiro Pinto. Avaliação in vitro do potencial anticárie e da abrasividade de dentifrícios fluoretados com pH ácido. 2006. 71 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2006.