A dinâmica do uso da terra e sua interferência na morfohidrografia da Bacia do Arroio Santa Bárbara - Pelotas (RS)
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Data
2007-10-11
Autores
Simon, Adriano Luís Heck [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A evolução das atividades antrópicas, a partir do aperfeiçoamento das técnicas utilizadas na exploração dos recursos naturais, ocasionou a gradual alteração dos elementos do sistema ambiental mediante a imposição de mecanismos de controle que determinaram transformações na estrutura e nos fluxos de matéria e energia. Por meio desta perspectiva o presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as alterações e as condições de controle que a dinâmica do uso da terra impôs ao sistema ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Arroio Santa Bárbara ao longo de 53 anos (1953-2006), procurando enfatizar as transformações nas formas do relevo, na rede hidrográfica e na cobertura vegetal original. A área situa-se na porção sudoeste do município de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, inserindo-se no conjunto de bacias do sistema lacustre Patos-Mirim. Com base na Teoria Geral dos Sistemas aplicada à Geografia, que possibilitou a compreensão das relações existentes entre os sistemas ambiental e socioeconômico na estruturação das organizações espaciais, foram realizados mapeamentos da área em estudo, destacando o uso da terra e as feições geomorfológicas de forma multitemporal. A análise dos resultados obtidos constatou que a dinâmica do sistema socioeconômico impôs mecanismos de controle diretos e indiretos sobre o sistema ambiental, desencadeando alterações na hidrografia, a partir de intervenções na dinâmica fluvial; no relevo, diante das transformações impostas às feições geomorfológicas pela ação antropogênica e do conseqüente desequilíbrio dos processos erosivos; e na cobertura vegetal original, por meio de mudanças nos padrões de uso da terra que desencadearam a redução de zonas de terras úmidas cobertas por vegetação rasteira.
The evolution of the human activities made possible the optimization of techniques used in the exploration of natural resources, causing the gradual alteration of the environmental system elements through the imposition of control mechanisms that had determined transformations in the structure and the flows of substance and energy. In this context, the present study had as objective to identify and to analyze the alterations and the control conditions that the land use dynamics imposed to the environmental system of the Santa Bárbara Stream watershed during 53 years (1953-2006), trying to emphasize the transformations in landforms, hydrographic net and in the original covering. The area lies in the southwestern part of Pelotas Municipal District, State of Rio Grande do Sul, composing the set basins of Patos-Mirim lacustrine system. According to the General Systems Theory applied to Geography, witch provided the understanding of relationships between the environmental and socioeconomics systems in the spatial organizations structuring, mappings of the study area had been accomplished, detaching the land's use and the geomorphological features of multitemporal form. The gotten results analysis evidenced that the dynamics of the socioeconomics system imposed direct and indirect control mechanisms on the environmental system, unchaining alterations on hydrography, through interventions on the fluvial dynamics; on landforms, with the transformations imposed to the geomorphological features by the anthropogenic action and the consequent erosive processes disequilibrium; and the original vegetal covering, through changes in the standards of land use that had unchained the reduction of humid land zones covered by creeping vegetation.
The evolution of the human activities made possible the optimization of techniques used in the exploration of natural resources, causing the gradual alteration of the environmental system elements through the imposition of control mechanisms that had determined transformations in the structure and the flows of substance and energy. In this context, the present study had as objective to identify and to analyze the alterations and the control conditions that the land use dynamics imposed to the environmental system of the Santa Bárbara Stream watershed during 53 years (1953-2006), trying to emphasize the transformations in landforms, hydrographic net and in the original covering. The area lies in the southwestern part of Pelotas Municipal District, State of Rio Grande do Sul, composing the set basins of Patos-Mirim lacustrine system. According to the General Systems Theory applied to Geography, witch provided the understanding of relationships between the environmental and socioeconomics systems in the spatial organizations structuring, mappings of the study area had been accomplished, detaching the land's use and the geomorphological features of multitemporal form. The gotten results analysis evidenced that the dynamics of the socioeconomics system imposed direct and indirect control mechanisms on the environmental system, unchaining alterations on hydrography, through interventions on the fluvial dynamics; on landforms, with the transformations imposed to the geomorphological features by the anthropogenic action and the consequent erosive processes disequilibrium; and the original vegetal covering, through changes in the standards of land use that had unchained the reduction of humid land zones covered by creeping vegetation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hidrografia, Cartografia, Geomorfologia, Bacias hidrograficas, Morphohydrographyc alterations, Geomorphological cartography
Como citar
SIMON, Adriano Luís Heck. A dinâmica do uso da terra e sua interferência na morfohidrografia da Bacia do Arroio Santa Bárbara - Pelotas (RS). 2007. 185 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2007.