Desenvolvimento e aplicação de biomateriais à base de quitosana para reconstrução óssea: avaliação radiográfica e histológica
Data
2008-03-17
Autores
Spin Neto, Rubens [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver biomateriais à base de quitosana e de cloridrato de quitosana (géis), e avaliar radiográfica e histológicamente seu uso na correção de defeitos ósseos críticos na calvária de ratos. Para tal, defeitos de 8mm de diâmetro foram criados cirurgicamente na calvária de 50 ratos Holtzman (Rattus norvegicus) e preenchidos com coágulo sanguíneo (controle), quitosana com baixo peso molecular, quitosana com alto peso molecular, cloridrato de quitosana com baixo peso molecular e cloridrato de quitosana com alto peso molecular, totalizando 10 animais, divididos em dois períodos experimentais (15 e 60 dias), para cada biomaterial. Na avaliação radiográfica foram utilizadas duas radiografias digitais dos crânios dos animais, feitas logo após a criação do defeito ósseo e no momento do sacrifício, que forneceram a densidade óssea radiográfica na área do defeito. A avaliação histológica pautou-se na descrição da morfologia dos tecidos neoformados na região do defeito. Os resultados radiográficos e histológicos indicaram que, em todos os grupos, a neoformação óssea ocorreu apenas nas bordas do defeito, e que, exceto no grupo controle, graus variados de inflamação foram observados. Conclui-se que, dentro das condições experimentais deste estudo, os biomateriais de quitosana e de cloridrato de quitosana não foram capazes de promover neoformação óssea nos defeitos ósseos críticos criados em calvária de ratos.
The purpose of this study was to develop chitosan and chitosan chloride biomaterials (gels), and to make a histological and radiographic evaluation of their use in the correction of critical size bone defects made in rat’s calvaria. Bone defects of 8mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 50 Holtzman (Rattus norvegicus) rats and filled with blood clot (control), low molecular weight chitosan, high molecular weight chitosan, low molecular weight chitosan chloride and high molecular weight chitosan chloride, numbering 10 animals, divide into two experimental periods (15 and 60 days), for each biomaterial. For the radiographic evaluation, it were made two digital radiographs of animal’s skulls, right after the creation of the bone defect and at the moment of the sacrifice, providing the radiographic bone density in defect’s area. Histological evaluation was made based on the morphology of the new formed tissues in defect’s region. Radiographic and histological results indicated that, in all groups, new bone formation occurred only near to the defect’s border, and, except in control groups, assorted degrees of inflammation could be seen. We conclude that chitosan and chitosan chloride biomaterials were not able to promote new bone formation incritical size defects made in rat’s calvaria.
The purpose of this study was to develop chitosan and chitosan chloride biomaterials (gels), and to make a histological and radiographic evaluation of their use in the correction of critical size bone defects made in rat’s calvaria. Bone defects of 8mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 50 Holtzman (Rattus norvegicus) rats and filled with blood clot (control), low molecular weight chitosan, high molecular weight chitosan, low molecular weight chitosan chloride and high molecular weight chitosan chloride, numbering 10 animals, divide into two experimental periods (15 and 60 days), for each biomaterial. For the radiographic evaluation, it were made two digital radiographs of animal’s skulls, right after the creation of the bone defect and at the moment of the sacrifice, providing the radiographic bone density in defect’s area. Histological evaluation was made based on the morphology of the new formed tissues in defect’s region. Radiographic and histological results indicated that, in all groups, new bone formation occurred only near to the defect’s border, and, except in control groups, assorted degrees of inflammation could be seen. We conclude that chitosan and chitosan chloride biomaterials were not able to promote new bone formation incritical size defects made in rat’s calvaria.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Quitosana, Materiais biocompatíveis, Regeneração óssea, Biocompatible materials, Bone regeneration, Chitosan
Como citar
SPIN NETO, Rubens. Desenvolvimento e aplicação de biomateriais à base de quitosana para reconstrução óssea: avaliação radiográfica e histológica. 2008. 126 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, 2008.