Antecipação da idade à cobertura de novilhas leiteiras, recriadas a pasto, suplementadas com minerais orgânicos e inorgânicos
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Data
2009-08-13
Autores
Drubi, Gabriel Miranda [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Foram realizados dois experimentos visando avaliar a suplementação mineral em novilhas leiteiras criadas a pasto. No primeiro, buscou-se avaliar o efeito da suplementação com fontes de minerais inorgânicos e orgânicos no período da águas sobre o desenvolvimento corporal de novilhas mestiças Gir x Holandês, com idade média de 13 meses e peso vivo médio inicial de 176,81± 10,1 kg, distribuídas em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com dezesseis repetições por tratamento, totalizando 32 animais no período das águas. As novilhas permaneceram em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e como tratamento utilizou-se suplementação com minerais inorgânicos ou orgânicos. Os animais foram manejados em sistema de pastejo intermitente, com sete dias de ocupação e 35 dias de descanso em cada piquete. Ao final de cada ciclo de pastejo (42 dias) os animais foram pesados e mensurados quanto a altura na cernelha e o perímetro torácico e o peso médio do lote usado para os cálculos de ajuste de carga. A disponibilidade de forragem foi monitorada semanalmente. Não foram observados efeitos das fontes de minerais inorgânicos e orgânicos sobre o ganho médio diário de peso vivo (GMDPV) e nas mensurações do perímetro torácico e na altura na cernelha. O ajuste da carga animal na pastagem durante o período das águas e com a suplementação mineral correta proporcionando bom desempenho das novilhas com ganho de (0,68 kg/dia). No segundo experimento, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de dois níveis de suplementação com fontes de minerais inorgânicos e orgânicos no período da seca sobre o desenvolvimento corporal e desempenho reprodutivo de novilhas mestiças Zebu x Holandês, com idade média de 19 meses e peso vivo médio inicial de 302,70 kg, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (minerais x níveis) com cinco repetições...
Two experiments have been carried out. The first one, during the rainy season, evaluated the effects of the mineral supplementation with organic and inorganic sources, on the performance of 32 Gir x Holstein (GH) crossbred heifers, averaging 13 months of age and an average initial liveweight (LW) of 176,81kg . They were kept in Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) cv. Marandu pasture under rotational grazing system, with 7-day occupation and 35-day rest. The forage utilization didn’t vary between treatments, averaging 12Kg MS/100 Kg (LW). The average stocking rate (SR) was 4,19 AU/ha. It hasn’t been observed any effects of the mineral sources on the average daily gain (ADG), thoracic perimeter and shoulder height, which were averaging 0,68 Kg/day; 44,47 cm and 55,30 cm, respectively. The mineral supplement intake was 58,10 g/animal/day (inorganic source) and 57,12 g/animal/day (organic source). The second experiment aimed at evaluating the effects of two supplementation rates (2,5 and 5,0 g/Kg of LW) making use of mineral sources, inorganic and organic, during the dry season, on the performance of GH crossbred heifers, averaging 19 months of age and average initial liveweight (LW) of 307,75 Kg. The forage utilization didn’t differ between treatments, averaging 12kg MS/100Kg LW. The average stocking rate (SR) was 2,33 AU/ha. The average supplement intake was 0,86; 1,70; 0,81 and 1,75 Kg/animal/day, for inorganic source (2,5 g/Kg and 5,0 g/kg LW) and for organic source (2,5 g/Kg and 5,0 g/Kg LW), respectively. It hasn’t been observed any influence of the mineral sources on the average daily gain (ADG) of the heifers, however it has been observed an impact on the supplementation rate, where the heifers supplemented with 5,0 g/Kg of LW presented a higher average daily gain ADG (0,48 Kg/animal) in comparison to the ones supplemented with 2,5 g/kg of LW (0,37 Kg/animal).
Two experiments have been carried out. The first one, during the rainy season, evaluated the effects of the mineral supplementation with organic and inorganic sources, on the performance of 32 Gir x Holstein (GH) crossbred heifers, averaging 13 months of age and an average initial liveweight (LW) of 176,81kg . They were kept in Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) cv. Marandu pasture under rotational grazing system, with 7-day occupation and 35-day rest. The forage utilization didn’t vary between treatments, averaging 12Kg MS/100 Kg (LW). The average stocking rate (SR) was 4,19 AU/ha. It hasn’t been observed any effects of the mineral sources on the average daily gain (ADG), thoracic perimeter and shoulder height, which were averaging 0,68 Kg/day; 44,47 cm and 55,30 cm, respectively. The mineral supplement intake was 58,10 g/animal/day (inorganic source) and 57,12 g/animal/day (organic source). The second experiment aimed at evaluating the effects of two supplementation rates (2,5 and 5,0 g/Kg of LW) making use of mineral sources, inorganic and organic, during the dry season, on the performance of GH crossbred heifers, averaging 19 months of age and average initial liveweight (LW) of 307,75 Kg. The forage utilization didn’t differ between treatments, averaging 12kg MS/100Kg LW. The average stocking rate (SR) was 2,33 AU/ha. The average supplement intake was 0,86; 1,70; 0,81 and 1,75 Kg/animal/day, for inorganic source (2,5 g/Kg and 5,0 g/kg LW) and for organic source (2,5 g/Kg and 5,0 g/Kg LW), respectively. It hasn’t been observed any influence of the mineral sources on the average daily gain (ADG) of the heifers, however it has been observed an impact on the supplementation rate, where the heifers supplemented with 5,0 g/Kg of LW presented a higher average daily gain ADG (0,48 Kg/animal) in comparison to the ones supplemented with 2,5 g/kg of LW (0,37 Kg/animal).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino de leite, Minerais orgânicos, Novilhas leiteiras, Suplementação mineral, Bod development, Organic mineral, Rearing of heifers, Supplementation, Weight gain
Como citar
DRUBI, Gabriel Miranda. Antecipação da idade à cobertura de novilhas leiteiras, recriadas a pasto, suplementadas com minerais orgânicos e inorgânicos. 2009. xiv, 58 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.