Morfo-anatomia e envelhecimento acelerado em diásporos de oenocarpus bacaba Mart. - Arecaceae
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Data
2007-02-26
Autores
Silva, Breno Marques da Silva e [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever a morfologia e anatomia da flor, do fruto, do diásporo e da plântula, assim como, adequar o teste de envelhecimento acelerado para avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de diásporos de bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.). De acordo os resultados, as plantas de bacaba são monóicas, com inflorescências bissexuais, sendo a flor feminina de coloração creme, composta por três sépalas, três pétalas, ovário súpero com estigma trífido e uniovulado. A flor masculina possui a mesma coloração da feminina, sendo composta por três sépalas, três pétalas, seis estames com filetes longos e dorsifixos, e um pistilóide. Os frutos são drupáceos, de forma globosa, de cor roxa, com perianto e estigma persistentes. Os diásporos são globosos, de coloração marrom, com fibras mesocárpicas aderidas, envolvendo a semente de tegumento delgado, com endosperna branco e embrião de periférico a central, dividido em limbo e pecíolo cotiledonar. No pecíolo cotiledonar, é visível a fenda cotiledonar e os primórdios foliares. A germinação da plântula é adjacente ligulada, com folha composta por quatro folíolos de nervuras paralelas. Os complexos estomáticos são formados por duas células guarda, duas células subsidiárias laterias e duas terminais. Inicialmente, o pecíolo é envolto por duas bainhas, a bainha interna e a externa. A epiderme da raiz é composta por células tabulares e de paredes espessadas, exoderme, e, abaixo, temos o córtex, aerênquimas, endoderme, periciclo, e, internamente, xilema, floema e médula. Em 45ºC, a porcentagem de germinação foi drasticamente reduzida após 12 horas. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os critérios de germinação utilizados...
The objective of the present work was to describe the morphology and the anatomy of the flower, the fruit, the diaspore and the seddling and use the accelerated aging to evaluate the physiological quality of bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) diaspores. According to the results the plants of bacaba, are monoecious, with bisexual inflorescences, being the feminine flower of cream color with three sepals, three petals, uniovulate ovary with a three-divided stigma. The masculine flower of the same color is composed for three sepals, three petals, six stamens, with long filaments, medifixed anthers and one pistillode. The fruits are drupaceous, spheroidal, of purple color, with persistent perianth and stigma. The diaspore are spheroidal, of brown color, with adhered mesocarpic fibers, involving the seed of thin tegument, with a white endosperm and a peripheral to central embryo, divided in limb and cotyledonary petiole. In the cotyledonary petiole, it is visible the cotiledonary slit and the foliar primordia. The germination is adjacent ligulate, with composed leaf for four leaflet with parallel midribs. The stomata are formed by two guard cells, two lateral and two terminals subsidiary cells. Initially, the petiole is involved by two sheaths, the internal and the external one. The root is composed by epidermis with tabular cells with thick walls, exodermis, cortex, aerenchima, endodermis, pericycle, xylem and phloem. The diaspores lots were separed at different levels of vigor from up 48 and 72 exposition hours at 43ºC and there was no difference between them. According to the obtained results was suggested to use the first sheath as germinative criteria and the exposition at 43ºC for 48 or 72 hours to evaluate the physiological quality of bacaba diasporas.
The objective of the present work was to describe the morphology and the anatomy of the flower, the fruit, the diaspore and the seddling and use the accelerated aging to evaluate the physiological quality of bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) diaspores. According to the results the plants of bacaba, are monoecious, with bisexual inflorescences, being the feminine flower of cream color with three sepals, three petals, uniovulate ovary with a three-divided stigma. The masculine flower of the same color is composed for three sepals, three petals, six stamens, with long filaments, medifixed anthers and one pistillode. The fruits are drupaceous, spheroidal, of purple color, with persistent perianth and stigma. The diaspore are spheroidal, of brown color, with adhered mesocarpic fibers, involving the seed of thin tegument, with a white endosperm and a peripheral to central embryo, divided in limb and cotyledonary petiole. In the cotyledonary petiole, it is visible the cotiledonary slit and the foliar primordia. The germination is adjacent ligulate, with composed leaf for four leaflet with parallel midribs. The stomata are formed by two guard cells, two lateral and two terminals subsidiary cells. Initially, the petiole is involved by two sheaths, the internal and the external one. The root is composed by epidermis with tabular cells with thick walls, exodermis, cortex, aerenchima, endodermis, pericycle, xylem and phloem. The diaspores lots were separed at different levels of vigor from up 48 and 72 exposition hours at 43ºC and there was no difference between them. According to the obtained results was suggested to use the first sheath as germinative criteria and the exposition at 43ºC for 48 or 72 hours to evaluate the physiological quality of bacaba diasporas.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Botânica - Morfologia, Palmeira, Germinação, Heterose, Armazenamento, Oenocarpus bacaba, Morphology, Vigor, Storage, Germination, Palmae
Como citar
SILVA, Breno Marques da Silva e. Morfo-anatomia e envelhecimento acelerado em diásporos de oenocarpus bacaba Mart. - Arecaceae. 2007. xvii, 68 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.