Avaliação de um pulverizador de volume ultra baixo na cultura do café para o controle de Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)
Data
2013-02-04
Autores
Decaro Junior, Sergio Tadeu [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A necessidade de aplicações periódicas de produtos fitossanitários na cultura do café para o controle de Leucoptera coffeella assegura a produtividade em regiões propícias à alta ocorrência desse inseto, porém onera os custos de produção. A utilização de pulverizador que aplica volume ultra baixo de calda contribui para que haja uma redução desses custos. Para tanto, foram preparadas caldas fitossanitárias com diferentes concentrações de adjuvantes e medidas as características de tensão superficial, ângulo de contato e área molhada de gotas aplicadas sobre a superfície de folhas de café e de vidro. Essas caldas foram pulverizadas a campo por meio de um pulverizador de volume ultra baixo com bicos pneumáticos, nos volumes de 20, 30, 40, 46, 67 e 92 L.ha-1, e um pulverizador convencional de volume alto, com bicos hidráulicos, nos volumes de 200 e 400 L.ha- 1, em que avaliaram-se os depósitos de marcador sobre folhas de plantas de café, bem como a capacidade de campo operacional dessas aplicações. Antes e após as pulverizações foram feitas 1 e 3 coletas de folhas, respectivamente, sendo uma prévia e a outras aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a pulverização (DAP), em que foram avaliados o número de larvas de L. coffeella vivas e mortas, número de minas novas e velhas, número de folhas minadas, número de ovos e número de larvas de L. coffeella parasitadas e eficiência do controle. Os resultados mostraram que, aumentando-se a concentração de óleo na calda, há reduções no valor de tensão superficial, e consequentemente no ângulo de contato, aumentando a área molhada pelas gotas. A deposição de marcador sobre as folhas foi significativamente maior para os volumes do pulverizador convencional, porém o pulverizador pneumático depositou, significativamente, mais volume de inseticida nas folhas e de forma mais homogênea...
The necessity of periodic pests application on coffee plantations for Leucoptera coffeella control assures the productivity of regions in a better position to this insect occurrence, nevertheless burdening the production costs. The sprayer utilization involving ultra low volume of pests contributes to a reduction of these costs. So, It were prepared spraying liquids with different adjuvant concentrations and measured their characteristics of surface tension, contact angle and wetted area by the droplets applied on coffee leave and glass surface. These spraying liquids were sprayed at the field through an ultra low volume sprayer equipped with pneumatic nozzles, at the volumes of 20, 30, 40, 46, 67 and 92 L.ha-1 , and a conventional high volume sprayer, equipped with hydraulic nozzles, at the volumes of 200 e 400 L.ha-1 , for evaluation of tracer deposits on coffee leaves, as well as the operational field capacity of these applications. Before and after the sprays, it were done 1 and 3 collections of leaves, respectively, with a previous and the three others at 7, 14 and 21 day after the spray (DAS), in which were evaluated the number of L. coffeella live and dead larvae, number of new and old mines, number of mined leaves, number of eggs, number of parasitized L. coffeella larvae and the efficiency of control. The results showed that, increasing the oil concentration in admixture to the spraying liquid, there are reductions in the surface tension value and, consequently, on the contact angle, increasing the wetted area by the droplets. The tracer amount of deposits on the leaves was significantly higher for the volumes with the conventional sprayer, on the other hand, the pneumatic sprayer deposited, significantly, more pesticides on the leaves and in a more homogenous form on the among the height of the plant. The lower volumes... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The necessity of periodic pests application on coffee plantations for Leucoptera coffeella control assures the productivity of regions in a better position to this insect occurrence, nevertheless burdening the production costs. The sprayer utilization involving ultra low volume of pests contributes to a reduction of these costs. So, It were prepared spraying liquids with different adjuvant concentrations and measured their characteristics of surface tension, contact angle and wetted area by the droplets applied on coffee leave and glass surface. These spraying liquids were sprayed at the field through an ultra low volume sprayer equipped with pneumatic nozzles, at the volumes of 20, 30, 40, 46, 67 and 92 L.ha-1 , and a conventional high volume sprayer, equipped with hydraulic nozzles, at the volumes of 200 e 400 L.ha-1 , for evaluation of tracer deposits on coffee leaves, as well as the operational field capacity of these applications. Before and after the sprays, it were done 1 and 3 collections of leaves, respectively, with a previous and the three others at 7, 14 and 21 day after the spray (DAS), in which were evaluated the number of L. coffeella live and dead larvae, number of new and old mines, number of mined leaves, number of eggs, number of parasitized L. coffeella larvae and the efficiency of control. The results showed that, increasing the oil concentration in admixture to the spraying liquid, there are reductions in the surface tension value and, consequently, on the contact angle, increasing the wetted area by the droplets. The tracer amount of deposits on the leaves was significantly higher for the volumes with the conventional sprayer, on the other hand, the pneumatic sprayer deposited, significantly, more pesticides on the leaves and in a more homogenous form on the among the height of the plant. The lower volumes... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Café - Cultivo, Café - Doenças e pragas - Controle, Defensivos vegetais - Tecnologia de aplicação, Inseto, Coffee plantations
Como citar
DECARO JUNIOR, Sergio Tadeu. Avaliação de um pulverizador de volume ultra baixo na cultura do café para o controle de Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). 2013. xiii, 102 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.