Interferência relativa entre o tomateiro industriale Amaranthus viridis
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Data
2012-07-13
Autores
Silva, Bruna Pires da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a interferência relativa entre tomateiro industrial e caruru-de-mancha (Amaranthus viridis). A metodologia utilizada foi a de um experimento aditivo para as duas monoculturas (tomateiro e caruru-de-mancha), que variou de 20 a 100 plantas m-2, para determinar o valor a partir do qual a produção se torna independente do aumento da densidade para cada espécie, e um experimento substitutivo, com a população total de 60 plantas m-2, com cinco proporções de tomateiro:caruru-de-mancha (100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; 0:100). No experimento aditivo para as monoculturas foram avaliados aos 60 DAP: altura, número de folhas, flores e frutos, biomassa fresca de frutos e biomassa seca de folhas, caule, frutos e total, para as plantas de tomate, e altura, número de folhas, biomassa seca de folhas, caule, inflorescência e total para o caruru-de-mancha. Para o ensaio substitutivo, realizou-se uma avaliação aproximadamente aos 60 DAP (mesmas características avaliadas no aditivo) e outra ao final do término do período experimental (aos 120 DAP), quando foram avaliados também os teores de macronutrientes nas folhas das duas espécies e a produção total dos frutos do tomateiro (número, biomassa fresca e biomassa seca de frutos). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com 4 repetições, para cada época de avaliação. A análise da competitividade foi efetuada por meio de diagramas aplicados a experimentos substitutivos e índices de competitividade, sendo os dados médios de produção de frutos (tomateiro) e os teores de macronutrientes das folhas (tomateiro e caruru-de-mancha) submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F, com as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade
This work aimed to quantify the relative interference between industrial tomato and Amaranthus viridis. It was used an additive experiment for two monocultures (tomato and A. viridis), which varied from 20 to 100 plants m-2, in order to determine the value at which the production became independent from density increase for each species, as well as a replacement series experiment with a total density of 60 plants m-2 and five proportions of tomato: A. viridis (100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; 0:100). In the additive experiment the height, number of leaves, flowers and fruits, fresh biomass of fruits and dry biomass of leaves, stems, fruits and total for the tomato plants were measured, whereas the height, number of leaves, dry biomass of leaves, stem, inflorescence and total were measured for the A. viridis, both at 60 days after planting (DAP). For the replacement series experiment, the same characteristics mentioned above were evaluated at 60 and 120 DAP. In addition, the levels of macronutrients in the leaves of both species were also obtained, as well as the total production of tomato fruits (number, fresh and dry weight of fruits), at 120 DAP. The experiments were set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications for each evaluation period. Competitive analysis was obtained by using diagrams, which are usually applied to replacement series studies, and relative competitive indices. Thus, the average data for the production of fruits (tomato) and the levels of macronutrients in the leaves (tomato and slender amaranth) were analyzed by F test, followed by Tukey test at 5% probability
This work aimed to quantify the relative interference between industrial tomato and Amaranthus viridis. It was used an additive experiment for two monocultures (tomato and A. viridis), which varied from 20 to 100 plants m-2, in order to determine the value at which the production became independent from density increase for each species, as well as a replacement series experiment with a total density of 60 plants m-2 and five proportions of tomato: A. viridis (100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; 0:100). In the additive experiment the height, number of leaves, flowers and fruits, fresh biomass of fruits and dry biomass of leaves, stems, fruits and total for the tomato plants were measured, whereas the height, number of leaves, dry biomass of leaves, stem, inflorescence and total were measured for the A. viridis, both at 60 days after planting (DAP). For the replacement series experiment, the same characteristics mentioned above were evaluated at 60 and 120 DAP. In addition, the levels of macronutrients in the leaves of both species were also obtained, as well as the total production of tomato fruits (number, fresh and dry weight of fruits), at 120 DAP. The experiments were set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications for each evaluation period. Competitive analysis was obtained by using diagrams, which are usually applied to replacement series studies, and relative competitive indices. Thus, the average data for the production of fruits (tomato) and the levels of macronutrients in the leaves (tomato and slender amaranth) were analyzed by F test, followed by Tukey test at 5% probability
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Palavras-chave
Tomate, Erva daninha - Crescimento, Plantas - Competição, Tomatoes
Como citar
SILVA, Bruna Pires da. Interferência relativa entre o tomateiro industriale Amaranthus viridis. 2012. x, 60 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2012.