Desenvolvimento de um novo método para o controle da podridão abacaxi em cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2011-02-06
Autores
Lodo, Bruno Nascimento [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A expansão do período e a mecanização das etapas de plantio da cana-de-açúcar favorecem a ocorrência da podridão abacaxi causada por Thielaviopsis paradoxa, tornando-se necessária a busca por técnicas de manejo eficazes no controle da doença. Para tanto, foram realizados 4 ensaios. Inicialmente, foram testadas concentrações de 0, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 e 107 conídios mL-1 de T. paradoxa inoculadas em 5 toletes de cana-de-açúcar com 1 gema cada por vaso. Foi avaliado o número de plântulas emergidas e calculado o índice de velocidade de emergência. Em um segundo ensaio, foi verificada a viabilidade do patógeno no solo dos vasos do ensaio anterior, sem irrigação por 4 meses, quando se realizou novamente o plantio, avaliando-se o número de plântulas emergidas. Para avaliar o controle da doença, em área de cana-planta, foram aplicados no solo ciproconazole + thiamethoxam (300 + 300 g do i.a. ha-1) e triadimenol + dissulfoton (600 + 3000 g do i.a. ha-1), com e sem incorporação em quatro épocas 6, 4, 2 e 1 mês antes do corte e plantio (ACP) das mudas. Os toletes foram retirados das áreas tratadas para a instalação de dois ensaios, um em vasos e outro em campo, sendo inoculandos com 107 conídios mL-1. Foram avaliados o número de plântulas emergidas e calculadas a porcentagem de germinação e a porcentagem de germinação em relação à testemunha. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 x 2 + 2 testemunhas com 4 repetições. Nos resultados dos ensaios observa-se que todas as concentrações do patógeno testadas foram eficientes para que ocorresse a doença. O patógeno permaneceu viável no solo por pelo menos 4 meses, provocando a doença, independente das concentrações testadas. A utilização de ciproconazole + thiamethoxam, independente do modo e da época de aplicação se mostrou eficaz no controle da doença, desde que o solo mantenha teor de umidade adequado após sua aplicação
The expansion of period and the steps mechanization of the cropping system of sugarcane favors the occurrence of pineapple disease caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa, making necessary the search for effective management techniques to control the disease. To this end, four tests were done. Initially, concentrations were testing of 0, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 and 107 conidia mL-1 of T. paradoxa inoculated in 5 sugarcane stems with a gem each per vase. The number of seedlings was evaluated and the index of germination speed was calculated. In a second experiment, the pathogen viability was verified in vases of the previous essay, without irrigation for 4 months, when it the planting again, the number of seedlings was evaluated. To evaluate the control of the disease, in area of first planting of sugarcane crop, in soil ciproconazole + thiamethoxam (300 + 300 g do i.a. ha-1) e triadimenol + dissulfoton (600 + 3000 g do i.a. ha-1) were applied, with and without incorporation in four time 6, 4, 2 and 1 month before cutting and planting (BCP) of stems. The stems were withdrew from of the treated areas for installation of two tests, one in vases and others in field, inoculating them with 107 conidia mL-1. The number of seedlings was evaluated and the germination percentage and germination percentage compared to check was calculated. The design was randomized block in a 4 x 2 x 2 + 2 checks with four replicates. The concentrations tested were effective to produce the disease. The pathogen remained viable in the soil for 4 months, causing the disease, regardless of concentration. The use of cyproconazole + thiamethoxam, regardless of the mode and time of application was effective in controlling the disease, since the soil has adequate moisture after application
The expansion of period and the steps mechanization of the cropping system of sugarcane favors the occurrence of pineapple disease caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa, making necessary the search for effective management techniques to control the disease. To this end, four tests were done. Initially, concentrations were testing of 0, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 and 107 conidia mL-1 of T. paradoxa inoculated in 5 sugarcane stems with a gem each per vase. The number of seedlings was evaluated and the index of germination speed was calculated. In a second experiment, the pathogen viability was verified in vases of the previous essay, without irrigation for 4 months, when it the planting again, the number of seedlings was evaluated. To evaluate the control of the disease, in area of first planting of sugarcane crop, in soil ciproconazole + thiamethoxam (300 + 300 g do i.a. ha-1) e triadimenol + dissulfoton (600 + 3000 g do i.a. ha-1) were applied, with and without incorporation in four time 6, 4, 2 and 1 month before cutting and planting (BCP) of stems. The stems were withdrew from of the treated areas for installation of two tests, one in vases and others in field, inoculating them with 107 conidia mL-1. The number of seedlings was evaluated and the germination percentage and germination percentage compared to check was calculated. The design was randomized block in a 4 x 2 x 2 + 2 checks with four replicates. The concentrations tested were effective to produce the disease. The pathogen remained viable in the soil for 4 months, causing the disease, regardless of concentration. The use of cyproconazole + thiamethoxam, regardless of the mode and time of application was effective in controlling the disease, since the soil has adequate moisture after application
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Ceratocystis, Thielaviopsis, Ceratocystis paradoxa, Thielaviopsis paradoxa, Saccharum spp.
Como citar
LODO, Bruno Nascimento. Desenvolvimento de um novo método para o controle da podridão abacaxi em cana-de-açúcar. 2011. ii, 25 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2011.