Desenvolvimento e acúmulo de nutrientes em duas espécies de orquídeas: Dendorobium nobile Lindl. e Miltonia flavescens Lindl. var. stellata Regel
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Data
2008-11-20
Autores
Ichinose, Juliana Garcia dos Santos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Orquídeas estão entre as plantas mais distribuídas pelo mundo e mais cultivadas, sendo muito apreciadas por sua diversidade de cores e formas. Entretanto, estudos acerca de desenvolvimento e nutrição deste grupo de plantas são incipientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o desenvolvimento e o acúmulo de nutrientes de 2 espécies de orquídeas cultivadas em condições de ambiente protegido, em vaso: i) Dendrobium nobile Lindl, ii) Miltonia flavescens Lindl. var. stellata Regel. As plantas foram adubadas semanalmente com 100 mL da solução nutritiva de Sarruge a 75% da concentração. Foi coletada mensalmente, durante 12 meses, de forma aleatória, 1 planta/repetição (totalizando 4). Estas foram avaliadas quanto ao número de folhas, área foliar, número, comprimento e diâmetro de pseudobulbos, número de brotos. Depois de lavadas e secas, determinaram-se a massa de matéria seca e os nutrientes nas diferentes partes. Até a fase do florescimento (240 DAPA), ambas as espécies já haviam acumulado mais de 50% do total de matéria seca verificado ao final das avaliações. A ordem de absorção e a quantidade de nutrientes absorvidos, ao final do ensaio foram: i) Dendrobium – macronutrientes, em mg planta-1, K (701,07) > N (339,44) > Ca (289,03) > Mg (135,44) > P (118,83) > S (23,56); micronutrientes, em Vg planta-1, Fe (14122,35) > Zn (5277,82) >Mn (3216,87) > B (1253,02) > Cu (271,25). ii) Miltonia – macronutrientes, em mg planta-1, K (316,93) > Ca (177,55) > N (143,48) > Mg (72,23) > P (66,65) > S (8,83); micronutrientes, em Vg planta-1, Fe (8939,8) > Zn (4938,1) > Mn (2571,7) > B (802,26) > Cu (208,96).
Orchids are among the plants more distributed throughout the world and more cultivated. They are very appreciated for their diversity of colors and forms. However, studies concerning the development and nutrition of this group of plants are incipient. This work had as objective to study the development and the accumulation of nutrients of 2 species of orchids, cultivated in conditions of greenhouse, in vase: i) Miltonia flavescens Lindl. var. stellata Regel; ii) Dendrobium nobile Lindl.. The plants were weekly fertilized with 100 mL of the nutritive solution of Sarruge at 75% of concentration. It was collected monthly, for 12 months, in a random way, 1 plant/repetition (totalizing 4). The number of leaves; the leaf area; number, length and diameter of pseudobulbs and the number of sprouts were evaluated. After washing and drying the plants, the mass of dry matter and the nutrients in the different parts were determined. Until the period of the flowering (240 DAPA), both species had already accumulated more than 50% of the total dry matter verified at the end of the evaluations. The absorption order and the amount of absorbed nutrients, at the end of the experiment were: i) Dendrobium – macronutrients, in mg plant-1 K (701.07)> N (339.44)> Ca (289.03)> Mg (135.44)> P (118.83)> S (23.56); micronutrients, Vg plant-1, Fe (14122.35)> Zn (5277.82)> Mn (3216.87)> B (1253.02)> Cu (271.25). ii) Miltonia – macronutrients, in mg plant-1, K (316.93)> Ca (177.55)> N (143.48)> Mg (72.23)> P (66.65)> S (8.83); micronutrients, Vg plant-1, Fe (8939.8)> Zn (4938.1)> Mn (2571.7)> B (802.26)> Cu (208.96).
Orchids are among the plants more distributed throughout the world and more cultivated. They are very appreciated for their diversity of colors and forms. However, studies concerning the development and nutrition of this group of plants are incipient. This work had as objective to study the development and the accumulation of nutrients of 2 species of orchids, cultivated in conditions of greenhouse, in vase: i) Miltonia flavescens Lindl. var. stellata Regel; ii) Dendrobium nobile Lindl.. The plants were weekly fertilized with 100 mL of the nutritive solution of Sarruge at 75% of concentration. It was collected monthly, for 12 months, in a random way, 1 plant/repetition (totalizing 4). The number of leaves; the leaf area; number, length and diameter of pseudobulbs and the number of sprouts were evaluated. After washing and drying the plants, the mass of dry matter and the nutrients in the different parts were determined. Until the period of the flowering (240 DAPA), both species had already accumulated more than 50% of the total dry matter verified at the end of the evaluations. The absorption order and the amount of absorbed nutrients, at the end of the experiment were: i) Dendrobium – macronutrients, in mg plant-1 K (701.07)> N (339.44)> Ca (289.03)> Mg (135.44)> P (118.83)> S (23.56); micronutrients, Vg plant-1, Fe (14122.35)> Zn (5277.82)> Mn (3216.87)> B (1253.02)> Cu (271.25). ii) Miltonia – macronutrients, in mg plant-1, K (316.93)> Ca (177.55)> N (143.48)> Mg (72.23)> P (66.65)> S (8.83); micronutrients, Vg plant-1, Fe (8939.8)> Zn (4938.1)> Mn (2571.7)> B (802.26)> Cu (208.96).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Orquídea, Plantas ornamentais, Floricultura, Nutrição mineral de plantas, Orchids, floriculture, Ornamental plants, Mineral nutrition of plants
Como citar
ICHINOSE, Juliana Garcia dos Santos. Desenvolvimento e acúmulo de nutrientes em duas espécies de orquídeas: Dendorobium nobile Lindl. e Miltonia flavescens Lindl. var. stellata Regel. 2008. ix, 75 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.