Morfologia e germinação de sementes de tamareira-anã (Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien)
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Data
2002-02-22
Autores
Iossi, Emerson [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Phoenix roebelenii é uma palmeira com pequeno porte, com desenvolvimento a pleno sol e boa adaptabilidade às condições climáticas brasileiras, fatores que a tornam muito procurada. É uma espécie originária das regiões do norte do Laos e do Vietnã, e do sudoeste da China. Sementes de frutos recém colhidos e secas durante um dia foram utilizadas para o levantamento dos dados biométricos e semeadas em bandejas contendo Sphagnum sp. Algumas plântulas foram fotografadas e esquematizadas, representando as etapas do processo germinativo. A germinação de sementes de P. roebelenii é do tipo remota tubular. Para estudo da germinação e qualidade fisiológica foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos, nos quais foram utilizadas quatro repetições de 25 sementes. No primeiro experimento, avaliou-se o efeito de quatro substratos (esfagno, serragem, areia e vermiculita) associados a cinco temperaturas (20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C e 40°C), conduzido com 8 horas de luz e 16 horas de escuro, em caixas gerbox. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5X4. Na porcentagem de germinação os melhores resultados foram obtidos sob temperatura de 25°C e 30°C em todos os substratos. Para o IVG, os melhores tratamentos foram sob a temperatura de 30°C, utilizando-se esfagno ou areia. No segundo experimento, estudou-se o efeito dos quatro substratos sobre a germinação das sementes, o peso da massa seca e o comprimento das plântulas. Os melhores substratos para a porcentagem de germinação das sementes foram serragem, areia e esfagno, sendo que este último apresentou os melhores resultados para a maioria das características das plântulas avaliadas.
Phoenix roebelenii is a pigmy palm tree, with development to full sun and good adaptability to brazilian climatic conditions, factors that turn it very sought. It's a native of the north of Laos and Vietnam, and in the Southwest of China. Seeds of freshly fruits were dried during one day to obtain the biometric data and seeded in trays containing Sphagnum sp. Some seedlings were photographed and schematized, representing the stages of the germinative process. The seed germination of P. roebelenii is of the tubular remote kind. To study the germination and physiological quality, two experiments were developed with four replications of 25 seeds each one. In the first experiment, the effect of four substratas were evaluated. (Sphagnum sp., sawdust, sand and vermiculite) associated to five temperatures (20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°c e 40°C), with 8 hours of light and 16 hours of darkness, in boxes (gerbox). The experimental design used was the complete randomized in a fatorial scheme 5x4. The best results of germination percentage were obtained at 25°C and 30°C in all the substratas. For speed of germination index , the best treatments were obtained at 30°C, being used Sphagnum sp. or sand. In the second experiment, was studied the effect of the same four substratas used before, in the seed germination and seedlings length and dry weight, at environmental condition. For the germination percentage, the best result was obtained with Sphagnum sp., sawdust or sand. However, the best treatments for the most of the seedlings characteristics were obtained using the Sphagnum sp.
Phoenix roebelenii is a pigmy palm tree, with development to full sun and good adaptability to brazilian climatic conditions, factors that turn it very sought. It's a native of the north of Laos and Vietnam, and in the Southwest of China. Seeds of freshly fruits were dried during one day to obtain the biometric data and seeded in trays containing Sphagnum sp. Some seedlings were photographed and schematized, representing the stages of the germinative process. The seed germination of P. roebelenii is of the tubular remote kind. To study the germination and physiological quality, two experiments were developed with four replications of 25 seeds each one. In the first experiment, the effect of four substratas were evaluated. (Sphagnum sp., sawdust, sand and vermiculite) associated to five temperatures (20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°c e 40°C), with 8 hours of light and 16 hours of darkness, in boxes (gerbox). The experimental design used was the complete randomized in a fatorial scheme 5x4. The best results of germination percentage were obtained at 25°C and 30°C in all the substratas. For speed of germination index , the best treatments were obtained at 30°C, being used Sphagnum sp. or sand. In the second experiment, was studied the effect of the same four substratas used before, in the seed germination and seedlings length and dry weight, at environmental condition. For the germination percentage, the best result was obtained with Sphagnum sp., sawdust or sand. However, the best treatments for the most of the seedlings characteristics were obtained using the Sphagnum sp.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tamareira, Sementes, Germinação, Germination, Seed
Como citar
IOSSI, Emerson. Morfologia e germinação de sementes de tamareira-anã (Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien). 2002. x, 41 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2002.