Estudo da vibração de corpo inteiro em pilotos de helicoptera esquilo AS-350 L1
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Data
2012-11-29
Autores
Braga, Gerhard Waack [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No desempenho de suas atividades aéreas, os pilotos de helicópteros são submetidos a posturas que impõem tensões contínuas em determinados grupos musculares, ao mesmo tempo em que deixam outras musculaturas em desuso. Diante disso, observam-se inúmeros casos de lombalgia que acometem pilotos de helicópteros Esquilo, principalmente nas Forças Armadas, sendo prováveis causas a ergonomia do assento e a vibração que o corpo sofre. Diante de tal fato, este estudo teve os seguintes objetivos: (1) mensurar os níveis de aceleração (vibração), na direção longitudinal (eixo z) da coluna lombar a que os pilotos de helicópteros As-350 L1 Esquilo estão expostos durante o voo; (2) verificar a atividade muscular dos eretores da espinha dos pilotos de helicópteros As-350 L1 Esquilo, com um aparelho de eletromiografia, durante a exposição à vibração em voo; (3) analisar os dados dos pilotos, da aceleração, os sinais de eletromiografia dos músculos eretores da espinha e a sua correlação. A fim de atingir esses objetivos, foram distribuídos 60 questionários para os pilotos de Esquilo do Complexo de Aviação do Exército em Taubaté-SP. Posteriormente, foram selecionados dois pilotos do sexo masculino, de estatura média e acima da média, na faixa etária de 30 a 35 anos de idade, com mais de 300 horas de voo e com classificações morfológicas corporais diferentes, de acordo com a tabela IMC. Após a coleta dos dados, os resultados foram analisados através da norma ISO 2631: 1997 e tratados estatisticamente. No estudo, observou-se que esses pilotos estão expostos a uma vibração de corpo inteiro que requer cautela em relação ao risco à saúde, pois os valores de aceleração encontrados no estudo encontraram-se compreendidos na...
The helicopter pilot’s posture while operating an aircraft can cause continuing strain on certain muscle groups while leaving others unused. Many Esquilo helicopter pilots, especially in the military, are reported to suffer from low back pain, the probable causes being seat ergonomics and the effect of aircraft vibration on the body. With this in mind, this study proposed the following objectives: (1) measure the levels of acceleration (vibration) in the longitudinal direction (z axis) to which the L1-350 Esquilo pilot lumbar spine is exposed during flight, (2) check the L1-350 Esquilo pilot spinal erector muscle activity while exposed to vibration during flight, using electromyography and (3) analyze the data pertaining to the pilot and acceleration, the spinal erector muscle electromyography signals and the correlation between them. In order to achieve these goals, 60 questionnaires were distributed to Esquilo pilots from the Army Aviation Compound of Taubaté (Complexo de Aviação do Exército de Taubaté) in São Paulo. Then, two male pilots were selected, between the ages of 30 and 35, each with more than 300 flight hours, with different body morphological classifications according to the BMI table, one of average height and the other above average height. The collected data was analyzed according to ISO 2631:1997 and statistically studied. It was observed that the pilots’ whole-body vibration levels are such that caution is required to avoid health problems, especially considering those pilots who are members of the military whose exposure is higher due to the number of operational flights. The electromyogram also showed that pilot muscle activity was insignificant due to the small variation in the activity potential of the analyzed muscle. It was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The helicopter pilot’s posture while operating an aircraft can cause continuing strain on certain muscle groups while leaving others unused. Many Esquilo helicopter pilots, especially in the military, are reported to suffer from low back pain, the probable causes being seat ergonomics and the effect of aircraft vibration on the body. With this in mind, this study proposed the following objectives: (1) measure the levels of acceleration (vibration) in the longitudinal direction (z axis) to which the L1-350 Esquilo pilot lumbar spine is exposed during flight, (2) check the L1-350 Esquilo pilot spinal erector muscle activity while exposed to vibration during flight, using electromyography and (3) analyze the data pertaining to the pilot and acceleration, the spinal erector muscle electromyography signals and the correlation between them. In order to achieve these goals, 60 questionnaires were distributed to Esquilo pilots from the Army Aviation Compound of Taubaté (Complexo de Aviação do Exército de Taubaté) in São Paulo. Then, two male pilots were selected, between the ages of 30 and 35, each with more than 300 flight hours, with different body morphological classifications according to the BMI table, one of average height and the other above average height. The collected data was analyzed according to ISO 2631:1997 and statistically studied. It was observed that the pilots’ whole-body vibration levels are such that caution is required to avoid health problems, especially considering those pilots who are members of the military whose exposure is higher due to the number of operational flights. The electromyogram also showed that pilot muscle activity was insignificant due to the small variation in the activity potential of the analyzed muscle. It was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pilotos de helicóptero - Vibração, Eletromiografia, Helicopter pilot
Como citar
BRAGA, Gerhard Waack. Estudo da vibração de corpo inteiro em pilotos de helicoptera esquilo AS-350 L1. 2012. 136 p. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2012.