Impacto do aumento da concentração de CO2 atmosférico sobre o período latente e o controle biológico da ferrugem do cafeeiro
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Data
2009-09-02
Autores
Mendes, Lívia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O aumento da concentração de CO2 atmosférico previsto para as próximas décadas poderá provocar alterações nas relações patógeno-hospedeiro e, consequentemente, no manejo das doenças de plantas. Devido às alterações dos processos fisiológicos e metabólicos da planta, distribuição temporal e espacial da doença, os agentes de biocontrole também estão sujeitos a essas alterações. Assim, é necessário conhecer os efeitos dessas mudanças nas doenças de plantas e sobre os agentes de biocontrole, para adoção de medidas de adaptação. O efeito do aumento da concentração de CO2 (380, 430, 700 e 1300 ppm de CO2) sobre controle biológico da ferrugem do cafeeiro (Hemileia vastatrix) com Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus e Lecanicillium longisporum foi avaliado sobre a esporulação do patógeno e a severidade da doença em discos foliares (1,5 cm). Os antagonistas foram aplicados 24 horas antes, simultaneamente e 24 horas após a inoculação do patógeno em discos foliares mantidos em câmaras com fotoperíodo de 12 horas, a 22 °C e 100% de umidade relativa. Para avaliar o efeito do gás sobre o período latente da ferrugem, plântulas de cafeeiro foram mantidas nas concentrações de 400, 500, 700 e 900 ppm de CO2 e inoculadas com urediniosporos do patógeno. Além do período latente, foram avaliados o 2 diâmetro do caule, a área foliar e a altura das plântulas. Os antagonistas B. subtilis, B. pumilus e L. longisporum não foram afetados pelo aumento da concentração de CO2. B. subtilis foi efetivo no controle da ferrugem independentemente da concentração de CO2 atmosférico, sendo mais efetivo quando aplicado antes e simultaneamente à inoculação do patógeno. B. pumilus independente do CO2 e do momento de aplicação, não influenciou o crescimento da doença, representado pela área abaixo da curva do progresso de esporulação (AACPE) e pela porcentagem...
The rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 for the coming decades may cause changes in pathogen-host relationships, and therefore the management of diseases of plants. Due to changes in physiological and metabolic processes of the plant, temporal and spatial distribution of the disease, the biocontrol agents are also subject to these amendments. Thus, it is necessary to know the effects of changes in diseases of plants and on the biocontrol agents, for adoption of adaptation measures. The effect of rising concentration of CO2 (380, 430, 700 and 1300 ppm CO2) on biological control of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix) with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and Lecanicillium longisporum was evaluated on the sporulation of the pathogen and the severity of disease in leaf discs (1.5 cm). The antagonists were applied 24 hours before, simultaneously and 24 hours after inoculation of the pathogen in leaf discs incubated in chambers with a photoperiod of 12 hours at 22 °C and 100% relative humidity. To evaluate the effect of gas on the latent period of rust, coffee seedlings were maintained at concentrations of 400, 500, 700 and 900 ppm CO2 and inoculated with uredospores of the pathogen. Besides the latent period were measured the diameter of stem, 4 leaf area and seedling height. The antagonists B. subtilis, B. pumilus and L. longisporum were not affected by increasing the concentration of CO2. B. subtilis was effective in controlling rust regardless of the concentration of atmospheric CO2, which is more effective when released before, while the inoculation of the pathogen. B. pumilus independent of CO2 and the time of application did not influence the growth of the disease, represented by the area under the curve of progress of sporulation (AUCPS) and the percentage of leaf area injured. In L. longisporum observed the reduction of AUCPS and the percentage of leaf area injured, regardless... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 for the coming decades may cause changes in pathogen-host relationships, and therefore the management of diseases of plants. Due to changes in physiological and metabolic processes of the plant, temporal and spatial distribution of the disease, the biocontrol agents are also subject to these amendments. Thus, it is necessary to know the effects of changes in diseases of plants and on the biocontrol agents, for adoption of adaptation measures. The effect of rising concentration of CO2 (380, 430, 700 and 1300 ppm CO2) on biological control of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix) with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and Lecanicillium longisporum was evaluated on the sporulation of the pathogen and the severity of disease in leaf discs (1.5 cm). The antagonists were applied 24 hours before, simultaneously and 24 hours after inoculation of the pathogen in leaf discs incubated in chambers with a photoperiod of 12 hours at 22 °C and 100% relative humidity. To evaluate the effect of gas on the latent period of rust, coffee seedlings were maintained at concentrations of 400, 500, 700 and 900 ppm CO2 and inoculated with uredospores of the pathogen. Besides the latent period were measured the diameter of stem, 4 leaf area and seedling height. The antagonists B. subtilis, B. pumilus and L. longisporum were not affected by increasing the concentration of CO2. B. subtilis was effective in controlling rust regardless of the concentration of atmospheric CO2, which is more effective when released before, while the inoculation of the pathogen. B. pumilus independent of CO2 and the time of application did not influence the growth of the disease, represented by the area under the curve of progress of sporulation (AUCPS) and the percentage of leaf area injured. In L. longisporum observed the reduction of AUCPS and the percentage of leaf area injured, regardless... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mudanças climaticas, Dioxido de carbono, Hemileia vastatrix, Café - Doenças e pragas, Climate change, Biological control
Como citar
MENDES, Lívia. Impacto do aumento da concentração de CO2 atmosférico sobre o período latente e o controle biológico da ferrugem do cafeeiro. 2009. vii, 42 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2009.