Sobrevivência de Macrophomina phaseolina em solo incorporado com brócolos seguido de solarização
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Data
2003-01
Autores
Ambrósio, Márcia Michelle de Queiroz [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich é agente causal de tombamento, podridões de raízes, vagens, sementes e de caules, sendo amplamente disperso e parasita de mais de 500 espécies de plantas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a sobrevivência do fungo no solo incorporado com brócolos, seguido de solarização. Os tratamentos foram: solo incorporado previamente com brócolos (B) seguido de solarização utilizando filmes de polietileno (S) de 50 (B+S50), 100 (B+S100) e 150 (B+S150) μm de espessura; sem brócolos + solarizados (S50, S100 e S150); brócolos + não solarizado (B+NS) e sem brócolos e não solarizado (NS). O material orgânico utilizado foi brócolos (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) triturado fresco, que foi incorporado no solo antes da solarização, na proporção de 4 Kg/m2. A área experimental foi localizada a 22º51’S de latitude e a 48º26’W de longitude, no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Bolsas de náilon (duas repetições) contendo o fungo foram enterrados a 10 cm de profundidade no solo, sendo cada bolsa colocada no centro de cada parcela. A sobrevivência do fungo foi avaliada semanalmente em meio RB modificado durante 35 dias de solarização. A temperatura do solo foi monitorada por Datalogger DL2E e a porcentagem de CO2 e O2 pelo equipamento analisador de gases (Testo 325-1). O experimento foi repetido uma vez, em período diferente. Em ambos experimentos, nas parcelas incorporadas com resíduos de brócolos e solarizado, o fungo foi controlado com menos de 21 dias de solarização. Condições de aerobiose (% de CO2 e de O2) durante os primeiros 21 dias de tratamento foram 13,4 ; 2,8 e 13,7 ; 2,3 %, respectivamente para a primeira e segunda época. Os outros tratamentos foram ineficientes para morte do fungo.
Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich, is causal agent of damping-off, rottenness of roots, beans, seeds and stems and is widely spread and parasitic of over than 500 species of plants. The proposal of this work was to verify the fungus survival in soil amended with organic residues after soil solarization. The treatments were: soil amendment with broccoli (B) followed of soil solarization using polyethylene film (S) of 50 (B+S50), 100 (B+S100) and 150 μm-thick (B+S150); without broccoli plus solarization (S50, S100 and S150); broccoli plus non-mulched (B+NS) and check, without broccoli and nonmulched (NS). The organic matter utilized was grinded fresh broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.), incorporated into the soil before solarization at 4Kg/m2. The experimental field was located at 22º51’S of latitude and at 48º26’W of longitude, in São Paulo state, Brazil. Nylon bags (two reps) containing the fungus were buried 10-cm-deep into the soil at the centre of each plot. The fungus survival was evaluated weakly on RB modified medium until 35 days of solarization. The soil temperature was monitored by a (Dattalogger DL2E) and the percentages of CO2 and O2 by a gas analyser equipment (Testo 325-1). The experiment was repeated once in a different season. In both experiments, the mulched plots amended with broccoli residues have controlled the fungus less than 21 days after mulched treatment. Aerobic conditions (ratio of CO2 and O2 ) during these 21 days of treatments were 13.4 ; 2.8 and 13.7 ; 2.3%, respectively for the first and second season. The other treatments were inefficient to kill the fungus.
Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich, is causal agent of damping-off, rottenness of roots, beans, seeds and stems and is widely spread and parasitic of over than 500 species of plants. The proposal of this work was to verify the fungus survival in soil amended with organic residues after soil solarization. The treatments were: soil amendment with broccoli (B) followed of soil solarization using polyethylene film (S) of 50 (B+S50), 100 (B+S100) and 150 μm-thick (B+S150); without broccoli plus solarization (S50, S100 and S150); broccoli plus non-mulched (B+NS) and check, without broccoli and nonmulched (NS). The organic matter utilized was grinded fresh broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.), incorporated into the soil before solarization at 4Kg/m2. The experimental field was located at 22º51’S of latitude and at 48º26’W of longitude, in São Paulo state, Brazil. Nylon bags (two reps) containing the fungus were buried 10-cm-deep into the soil at the centre of each plot. The fungus survival was evaluated weakly on RB modified medium until 35 days of solarization. The soil temperature was monitored by a (Dattalogger DL2E) and the percentages of CO2 and O2 by a gas analyser equipment (Testo 325-1). The experiment was repeated once in a different season. In both experiments, the mulched plots amended with broccoli residues have controlled the fungus less than 21 days after mulched treatment. Aerobic conditions (ratio of CO2 and O2 ) during these 21 days of treatments were 13.4 ; 2.8 and 13.7 ; 2.3%, respectively for the first and second season. The other treatments were inefficient to kill the fungus.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Residuos organicos, Microorganismos do solo, Brocolo - Solo, Fitopatologia, Fungos do solo
Como citar
AMBRÓSIO, Márcia Michelle de Queiroz. Sobrevivência de Macrophomina phaseolina em solo incorporado com brócolos seguido de solarização. 2003. ix, 47 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.