Efeito do tratamento químico na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja infectadas por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
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2014-01-29
Autores
Prando, Maryara Buriola [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A podridão de Sclerotinia, causada pelo fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, tem ocasionado perdas significativas em culturas agrícolas de importância econômica ao redor do mundo, dentre elas a soja. Considerando que o tratamento de sementes é uma medida de manejo eficaz no controle de patógenos, é justificável o estudo de produtos químicos para esta modalidade de aplicação, visando ao controle da doença e, também, melhor desenvolvimento inicial da cultura, reduzindo o tempo de exposição a fungos e insetos presentes no solo. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do tratamento de sementes com fungicidas e inseticida, isolados e em mistura, sobre a qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja infectadas por S. sclerotiorum. Foi utilizado um lote da cultivar M7908RR com 20% de infecção pelo fungo. Os tratamentos [produto químico (dosagem mL ou g p.c/100Kg de sementes)] foram compostos por: tiofanato metílico + fluazinam (180); tiofanato metílico + fluazinam + acetamipride (180 + 100); tiofanato metílico + fluazinam + acetamipride (180 + 200); tiofanato metílico + fluazinam (215); tiofanato metílico + fluazinam + acetamipride (215 + 100); tiofanato metílico + fluazinam + acetamipride (215 + 200); acetamipride (100); acetamipride (200); carbendazin + thiram (200); carboxina + thiram (300); fludioxonil + metalaxil-M (100); piraclostrobina + tiofanato metílico + fipronil (200). A testemunha foi constituída de 2 sementes não tratadas. Após o tratamento químico, as sementes foram analisadas quanto às qualidades sanitária (métodos do papel filtro e de incubação em substrato semi-seletivo – Neon) e física - fisiológica (germinação, teor de água, primeira contagem de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de plântulas, índice de velocidade de germinação, altura e massa seca de plantas). Também foi avaliada a incidência do fungo...
The Sclerotinia rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has been caused losses significant at agricultural crops with economic importance around the world, among them soybean. Whereas seed treatment is a measure of effective management to pathogens control, it is justifiable to study chemicals for this type of application, aimed at controlling the disease and also better initial crop development, reducing of the exposure time to fungi and insects in the soil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed treatment with fungicides and insecticides, alone and in combination, on the health and physiological quality of soybean seeds infected by S. sclerotiorum. It was used a batch of variety M7908RR with 20% fungus infection. The treatments [ chemical (dose mL ou g c.p./100kg of the seed) ] were composed of: thiophanate methyl + fluazinam (180), thiophanate methyl + fluazinam + acetamiprid (180 + 100), thiophanate methyl + fluazinam + acetamiprid (180 + 200), thiophanate methyl + fluazinam (215), thiophanate methyl + acetamiprid + fluazinam (215 + 100), thiophanate methyl + acetamiprid + fluazinam (215 + 200), acetamiprid (100), acetamiprid (200), carbendazim + thiram (200); carboxin + thiram (300); fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M (100); pyraclostrobin + thiophanate methyl + fipronil (200). The witness was consisted of untreated seeds. After chemical treatment, the seeds were analyzed for their health qualities (filter methods and the incubation on semi-selective substrate - Neon) and physical - physiological (germination, moisture content, first count of the germination, senescent acceleration, seedling length, index of germination speed, height and dry matter of the plant). Also it was analyzed the incidence of the fungus in plants, at the greenhouse. The fungicides treatments, alone or in mixture with insecticide reduced the incidence of S. sclerotiorum soybean seeds; the insecticide ...
The Sclerotinia rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has been caused losses significant at agricultural crops with economic importance around the world, among them soybean. Whereas seed treatment is a measure of effective management to pathogens control, it is justifiable to study chemicals for this type of application, aimed at controlling the disease and also better initial crop development, reducing of the exposure time to fungi and insects in the soil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed treatment with fungicides and insecticides, alone and in combination, on the health and physiological quality of soybean seeds infected by S. sclerotiorum. It was used a batch of variety M7908RR with 20% fungus infection. The treatments [ chemical (dose mL ou g c.p./100kg of the seed) ] were composed of: thiophanate methyl + fluazinam (180), thiophanate methyl + fluazinam + acetamiprid (180 + 100), thiophanate methyl + fluazinam + acetamiprid (180 + 200), thiophanate methyl + fluazinam (215), thiophanate methyl + acetamiprid + fluazinam (215 + 100), thiophanate methyl + acetamiprid + fluazinam (215 + 200), acetamiprid (100), acetamiprid (200), carbendazim + thiram (200); carboxin + thiram (300); fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M (100); pyraclostrobin + thiophanate methyl + fipronil (200). The witness was consisted of untreated seeds. After chemical treatment, the seeds were analyzed for their health qualities (filter methods and the incubation on semi-selective substrate - Neon) and physical - physiological (germination, moisture content, first count of the germination, senescent acceleration, seedling length, index of germination speed, height and dry matter of the plant). Also it was analyzed the incidence of the fungus in plants, at the greenhouse. The fungicides treatments, alone or in mixture with insecticide reduced the incidence of S. sclerotiorum soybean seeds; the insecticide ...
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Palavras-chave
Soja, Sementes - Aspectos fisiologicos, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fungos na agricultura
Como citar
PRANDO, Maryara Buriola. Efeito do tratamento químico na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja infectadas por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. 2014. xvi, 58 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2014.