Efeito de óleos essenciais sobre o fungo Phomopsis sojae e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2014-02-28
Autores
Santos, Paula Leite dos [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Dentre os diversos fungos presentes em sementes de soja, Phomopsis sojae é apontado como o mais diretamente envolvido na redução da qualidade das sementes. Apesar da comprovada eficiência dos produtos químicos, a agricultura moderna tem buscado formas alternativas para o tratamento de sementes e o controle de doenças, de modo geral, que visem uma maior preservação ambiental. Nesse contexto, o emprego de substâncias naturais com ação fungicida surge como uma opção de baixo impacto ecológico e ambiental. Diversas espécies vegetais já mostraram efeito positivo no controle de doenças de plantas, sugerindo sua potencialidade também no tratamento de sementes. Para ser uma prática viável, o emprego de substâncias naturais no tratamento de sementes, além de reduzir ou controlar a população microbiana das sementes, não pode ter efeito negativo sobre a fisiologia das sementes, prejudicando sua germinação e vigor. Diante do exposto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi verificar a possibilidade de emprego de óleos essenciais de diferentes espécies vegetais no tratamento de sementes, visando o controle de Phomopsis sojae, e avaliar também o efeito destes produtos sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes tratadas. Na primeira etapa, com experimentos realizados em duplicata, foi testado o efeito in vitro de óleos essenciais de oito espécies vegetais (nim, capim-limão, citronela, alecrim, eucalipto citriodora, cravo, gengibre e manjericão) em quatro concentrações (0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75% e 1,0%), sobre o crescimento e esporulação do fungo. Para fins de comparação do desempenho destes, foram adicionadas duas testemunhas, uma composta de meio de cultura puro e outra, de meio com fungicida (tiofanato metílico + fluazinam). Os óleos com melhor efeito inibitório foram capim-limão, cravo e manjericão. Estes foram, então, utilizados na etapa seguinte, que consistiu no tratamento de...
Among many fungi present in soybean seeds, Phomopsis sojae is named as the most directly involved in the reduction of seed quality. Despite the proven effectiveness of chemicals products, modern agriculture has sought alternative methods for seed treatment and control of diseases, in general, an effort to further environmental preservation. In this context, the use of natural substances with fungicidal action appears as an option of low ecological and environmental impact. Several plant species have already shown a positive effect in controlling plant diseases, suggesting its potential also for seed treatment. To be a viable practice, the use of natural substances in seed treatment, in addition to reduce or control the microbial population of seeds, may not have a negative effect on the physiology of the seeds impairing their germination and vigor. Thus, the objective of this research was to verify the possibility of using essential oils from different plant species in seed treatment aiming to control P. sojae and also evaluate the effect of these products on the physiological quality of the treated seeds. In the first stage, with experiments performed in duplicate, the in vitro effect of essential oils from eight plant species (neem, lemongrass, citronella, rosemary, lemon eucalyptus, cloves, ginger and basil) was tested at four concentrations (0,25 %, 0,5%, 0,75% and 1,0%) on the growth and sporulation. For comparative purposes of their performance, two control samples were included, one composed of pure culture medium were added and another of medium with fungicide (thiophanate methyl + fluazinam). The oils with better inhibitory effect were lemongrass, cloves and basil. These oils were then used in the next stage, consisting in treating the seeds with the oils being applied in two concentrations (0,25% and 0,5%) in order to evaluate the effect on the incidence of P. sojae in seeds ...
Among many fungi present in soybean seeds, Phomopsis sojae is named as the most directly involved in the reduction of seed quality. Despite the proven effectiveness of chemicals products, modern agriculture has sought alternative methods for seed treatment and control of diseases, in general, an effort to further environmental preservation. In this context, the use of natural substances with fungicidal action appears as an option of low ecological and environmental impact. Several plant species have already shown a positive effect in controlling plant diseases, suggesting its potential also for seed treatment. To be a viable practice, the use of natural substances in seed treatment, in addition to reduce or control the microbial population of seeds, may not have a negative effect on the physiology of the seeds impairing their germination and vigor. Thus, the objective of this research was to verify the possibility of using essential oils from different plant species in seed treatment aiming to control P. sojae and also evaluate the effect of these products on the physiological quality of the treated seeds. In the first stage, with experiments performed in duplicate, the in vitro effect of essential oils from eight plant species (neem, lemongrass, citronella, rosemary, lemon eucalyptus, cloves, ginger and basil) was tested at four concentrations (0,25 %, 0,5%, 0,75% and 1,0%) on the growth and sporulation. For comparative purposes of their performance, two control samples were included, one composed of pure culture medium were added and another of medium with fungicide (thiophanate methyl + fluazinam). The oils with better inhibitory effect were lemongrass, cloves and basil. These oils were then used in the next stage, consisting in treating the seeds with the oils being applied in two concentrations (0,25% and 0,5%) in order to evaluate the effect on the incidence of P. sojae in seeds ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soja – Sementes Qualidade, Soja - Doenças e pragas, Fitopatologia, Fungos na agricultura, Fungi in agriculture
Como citar
SANTOS, Paula Leite dos. Efeito de óleos essenciais sobre o fungo Phomopsis sojae e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja. 2014. vi, 51 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2014.