Efeito de diferentes sistemas de manejo de plantas invasoras sobre o controle biológico e incidência de Cinara atlantica (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em Pinus taeda e biologia de Coccinelídeos (Coleoptera)
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Data
2003-02
Autores
Oliveira, Nádia Cristina de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os afídeos do gênero Cinara (Hemiptera: Aphididae) são importantes pragas de coníferas em diversos países. No Brasil o pulgão do Pinus foi detectado pela primeira vez em 1996 em plantio de Pinus taeda no estado de Santa Catarina, sendo C. atlantica registrada no estado de São Paulo em 1999. Atualmente esta espécie vem causando perdas em plantações comerciais de Pinus spp.. Este trabalho teve por objetivos: 1) Avaliar o efeito do manejo de plantas invasoras na população de C. atlantica e seus inimigos naturais em P. taeda. 2) Estudar a biologia e o potencial de predação das joaninhas sobre C. atlantica. O experimento foi instalado em área de 17,7 ha, com plantio de P. taeda de 6 meses em Buri, SP. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. Em cada parcela foram amostradas 40 plantas, dispostas em quatro amostras de 10 plantas em linha. Os seguintes tratamentos de controle de plantas invasoras foram aplicados nas entrelinhas: a) presença de plantas invasoras (sem controle); b) manejo com roçadeira; c) manejo com gradagem; e d) manejo com herbicida. A infestação pelo pulgão do Pinus foi avaliada pela população de pulgões, por escala de notas e número de colônias/planta. Também foram atribuídas notas para a determinação dos danos. Foram realizadas 16 avaliações mensais (maio/2001 a agosto/2002), pelas quais pôde-se constatar maior população de C. atlantica nos tratamentos onde as plantas invasoras foram controladas totalmente devido ao sistema de manejo aplicado. A maior infestação foi constatada no manejo com uso de herbicida. O manejo por roçada apresentou menor número de plantas atacadas. Os danos de maior... .
Aphids of genus Cinara (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are important conifer pests in several countries. In Brazil, pine aphid was detected for the first time in 1996 in planting of Pinus taeda in State of Santa Catarina, with C. atlantica registered in State of São Paulo in 1999. Nowadays this species causes losses in pine plantations. This work had as objectives: 1) evaluate the effects of weed management in C. atlantica population and its natural enemies in P. taeda; 2) study the ladybugs biology and their predation potential on C. atlantica. The experiment was carried out in an area of 17.7 ha, with P. taeda plantation of 6 months age in Buri, SP. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four treatments and four repetitions. In each block were sampled 40 plants, distributed in four samples of 10 plants in line. The following weed control treatments were applied in interlines: a) weed presence (no control); b) management with brush cutter; c) management with disk harrow; and d) management with herbicide. Aphid population evaluated infestation by notes scale and by colonies/plant numbers. It was also attributed notes for damage evaluation. It was accomplished 16 monthly evaluations (May, 2001 to August, 2002), by which ones could verify larger population of C. atlantica in treatments where weed was controlled totally (disk harrow and herbicide). The largest infestation was verified in herbicide management areas. The brush cutter management presented smaller number of attacked plants. The main damages caused by aphids in pine plants were shoot bifurcation and multishooting. P. taeda growth was above of the average in the system with weed in interlines. Regarding the C. atlantica natural enemies evaluations, it was considered for the predators of families Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae and Syrphidae. In interlines, it was verified predators... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Aphids of genus Cinara (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are important conifer pests in several countries. In Brazil, pine aphid was detected for the first time in 1996 in planting of Pinus taeda in State of Santa Catarina, with C. atlantica registered in State of São Paulo in 1999. Nowadays this species causes losses in pine plantations. This work had as objectives: 1) evaluate the effects of weed management in C. atlantica population and its natural enemies in P. taeda; 2) study the ladybugs biology and their predation potential on C. atlantica. The experiment was carried out in an area of 17.7 ha, with P. taeda plantation of 6 months age in Buri, SP. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four treatments and four repetitions. In each block were sampled 40 plants, distributed in four samples of 10 plants in line. The following weed control treatments were applied in interlines: a) weed presence (no control); b) management with brush cutter; c) management with disk harrow; and d) management with herbicide. Aphid population evaluated infestation by notes scale and by colonies/plant numbers. It was also attributed notes for damage evaluation. It was accomplished 16 monthly evaluations (May, 2001 to August, 2002), by which ones could verify larger population of C. atlantica in treatments where weed was controlled totally (disk harrow and herbicide). The largest infestation was verified in herbicide management areas. The brush cutter management presented smaller number of attacked plants. The main damages caused by aphids in pine plants were shoot bifurcation and multishooting. P. taeda growth was above of the average in the system with weed in interlines. Regarding the C. atlantica natural enemies evaluations, it was considered for the predators of families Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae and Syrphidae. In interlines, it was verified predators... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pinus taeda, Plantas invasoras, Erva daninha, Inseto - População
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Nádia Cristina de. Efeito de diferentes sistemas de manejo de plantas invasoras sobre o controle biológico e incidência de Cinara atlantica (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em Pinus taeda e biologia de Coccinelídeos (Coleoptera). 2003. iii, 72 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.