Um estudo sobre o conceito de prestar atenção na análise do comportamento de B. F. Skinner
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Data
2008-03-07
Autores
Strapasson, Bruno Angelo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O prestar atenção é um conceito que vem sendo estudado desde a fundação do primeiro laboratório de psicologia até hoje e é comumente entendido como um processo cognitivo que seleciona os estímulos aos quais um organismo deve responder. A Análise do Comportamento de B. F. Skinner (AC) é conhecida por negar o status casual atribuído às instâncias cognitivas, mas tem, ao mesmo tempo, que lidar com o fato dos organismos não responderem a todos os elementos presentes no mundo que os cerca. Este trabalho pretendeu avaliar as propostas interpretativas de autores da AC quanto ao fenômeno do prestar atenção. Num primeiro momento, foram avaliados os padrões de publicação de artigos sobre esse tema em periódicos da AC e foi avaliado o grau de comunicação entre as áreas de pesquisa aplicada e básica. Num segundo momento, empreendeu-se uma reconstrução conceitual do prestar atenção. Os resultados alcançados apontam uma pobre comunicação entre as pesquisas básica e aplicada, o que ganha certo apoio na reconstrução conceitual onde se sugere que as duas áreas fazem usos diferentes do termo nos textos analisados, de modo que a literatura aplicada não parece estar preocupada com o estudo de um processo psicológico básico sob o rótulo de prestar atenção. Na reconstrução conceitual indentificaram-se duas possibilidades conceituais para a expressão prestar atenção, ambas coerentes com o Behaviorismo Radical: o prestar atenção poderia ser entendido como (a) o componete comportamental encoberto precorrente que facilita/possibilita o controle de estímulos ou como (b) uma classe ampla de processos comportamentais que compreende desde a simples verificação de existência de controle de estímulos...
Paying attention is a concept which has been studied from the fundation of the first experimental psychology laboratory to today and is usually understood as cognitive process which selects stimuli that organisms must respond to B. F. Skinner's Behavior Analysis (BA) is well known for neglecting the casual status attributed to that cognitive instances, however, it needs to deal with the fact that organisms do not respond to every element of the world that surrounds it. This work intent to evaluate the interpretative proposals of BA to the paying attention concept. In a first moment, the articles publishing patterns about this subject matter in BAS journals and the degree of communication between basic and applied research fields were evatuate. In a second moment, a conceptual reconctruction of pay Attention was made. The results reached point to a poor communication between basic and applied fields, what receives some support in the conceptual reconstruction where it is suggested that the two areas use the expression diffrenty in the analised texts, in a way that the applied literature seems not to do any reference to paying attention as basic psychological process. In the conceptual reconstruction were identified two possibilities of conceptualization for pay attention, both coherent whit Radical Behaviorism: The paying attention can be understood as (a) a covert precorrent behavioral component that improve/allows the formation of stimulus control or as (b) a large class of behavioral process which includes from the simple verifcation of stimulus to observation of the emission of precorrent responses that improve/allows the formation of stimulus control, to the inference of the ocurrence of these behaviors but in a covert level. It is suggested that the second posibility is more adequate given the politic role... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Paying attention is a concept which has been studied from the fundation of the first experimental psychology laboratory to today and is usually understood as cognitive process which selects stimuli that organisms must respond to B. F. Skinner's Behavior Analysis (BA) is well known for neglecting the casual status attributed to that cognitive instances, however, it needs to deal with the fact that organisms do not respond to every element of the world that surrounds it. This work intent to evaluate the interpretative proposals of BA to the paying attention concept. In a first moment, the articles publishing patterns about this subject matter in BAS journals and the degree of communication between basic and applied research fields were evatuate. In a second moment, a conceptual reconctruction of pay Attention was made. The results reached point to a poor communication between basic and applied fields, what receives some support in the conceptual reconstruction where it is suggested that the two areas use the expression diffrenty in the analised texts, in a way that the applied literature seems not to do any reference to paying attention as basic psychological process. In the conceptual reconstruction were identified two possibilities of conceptualization for pay attention, both coherent whit Radical Behaviorism: The paying attention can be understood as (a) a covert precorrent behavioral component that improve/allows the formation of stimulus control or as (b) a large class of behavioral process which includes from the simple verifcation of stimulus to observation of the emission of precorrent responses that improve/allows the formation of stimulus control, to the inference of the ocurrence of these behaviors but in a covert level. It is suggested that the second posibility is more adequate given the politic role... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Skinner, B. F. (Burrhus Frederic), 1904-, Comportamento - Avaliação, Atenção - Conceito, Attention, Behavior analysis
Como citar
STRAPASSON, Bruno Angelo. Um estudo sobre o conceito de prestar atenção na análise do comportamento de B. F. Skinner. 2008. 127 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências, 2008.