Caracterização e estudo do comportamento térmico de lodo proveniente da indústria sucroalcooleira
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Data
2011-11-24
Autores
Lourenço, Renato Vessecchi [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A indústria sucroalcooleira gera uma grande quantidade de lodo, o qual deve ser descartado de forma adequada. Na indústria sucroalcooleira o tratamento de efluentes pode ser realizado com o auxilio de um reator anaeróbio (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket- UASB). Este sistema produz aglomerados compactos de microrganismos anaeróbios em formato de grânulos, sendo estes os responsáveis pela decomposição da matéria orgânica em biogás. Assim, os microrganismos atuam como um poderoso biocatalisador capaz de converter altas taxas de matéria orgânica em metano. Devido a melhorias para o sistema UASB, uma nova série de reatores chamados Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) foram desenvolvidos, entre as quais a tecnologia do reator de circulação interna (IC), que permite uma diluição eficaz de mistura e do efluente que entra no reator, ou seja, um melhor condicionamento da matéria orgânica a ser processada. Tendo em vista estes resíduos, aeróbio e anaeróbio, amostras destes lodos foram analisadas. Ambas as amostras foram caracterizadas, utilizando termogravimetria (TG), análise térmica diferencial (DTA), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difratometria de raios X pelo método do pó (DRX), absorção atômica e outras técnicas analíticas de bancada (pH, DQO, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido e resíduos sedimentáveis) . Os resultados a partir das curvas TG-DTA e DSC forneceram informações a respeito da desidratação e decomposição térmica destas amostras. Os espectros de FTIR sugerem a presença de grupos hidroxila devido à hidratação destes compostos; grupos carboxilatos e carboidratos proveniente de ácidos húmicos. Os difratogramas de raios X mostraram linhas de difração, sugerindo...
The sugarcane industry in the Brazil show a great amount of generated sludge which should be utilized adequately. In the sugarcane industry, the effluents can be treated within of an anaerobic reactor (Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket - UASB). This system produces granules agglomerated compact of anaerobic microorganisms (granules) which are responsible for the decomposition of the organic matter in biogas. Like this, these act as a powerful biocatalyst. Due to improvements for the system UASB, a new series of reactors called Granular Expanded Sludge Bed (EGSB) were developed, with technology for internal circulation (IC), which allows an effective dilution of mixture and of the effluent that enters in the reactor. In other words, a better conditioning of the organic matter is obtained. Then, two sludge samples, aerobic and anaerobic, were obtained. Both samples were characterized, using thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), spectroscopic of absorption in infrared (FTIR), scanning microscopy electronic (SEM), X-ray diffraction patterns (DRX) and atomic absorption. The results obtained from TG-DTA and DSC curves, supplied information on the dehydration and thermal decomposition of these samples. The infrared absorption suggest that the are hydroxyl groups due to hydration of these compounds and carboxylic, and carbohydrates originating from humics. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that these sludge’s have diffraction lines, suggesting that these compounds are crystalline due to presence of different metal oxides. The values of the activation energy (Ea) of these compounds were obtained from thermogravimetric curves ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The sugarcane industry in the Brazil show a great amount of generated sludge which should be utilized adequately. In the sugarcane industry, the effluents can be treated within of an anaerobic reactor (Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket - UASB). This system produces granules agglomerated compact of anaerobic microorganisms (granules) which are responsible for the decomposition of the organic matter in biogas. Like this, these act as a powerful biocatalyst. Due to improvements for the system UASB, a new series of reactors called Granular Expanded Sludge Bed (EGSB) were developed, with technology for internal circulation (IC), which allows an effective dilution of mixture and of the effluent that enters in the reactor. In other words, a better conditioning of the organic matter is obtained. Then, two sludge samples, aerobic and anaerobic, were obtained. Both samples were characterized, using thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), spectroscopic of absorption in infrared (FTIR), scanning microscopy electronic (SEM), X-ray diffraction patterns (DRX) and atomic absorption. The results obtained from TG-DTA and DSC curves, supplied information on the dehydration and thermal decomposition of these samples. The infrared absorption suggest that the are hydroxyl groups due to hydration of these compounds and carboxylic, and carbohydrates originating from humics. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that these sludge’s have diffraction lines, suggesting that these compounds are crystalline due to presence of different metal oxides. The values of the activation energy (Ea) of these compounds were obtained from thermogravimetric curves ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sugarcane industry - Effluents, Sludge, Química analítica, Cana-de-açúcar, Resíduos agrícolas, Lodo aeróbio, Lodo anaeróbio
Como citar
LOURENÇO, Renato Vessecchi. Caracterização e estudo do comportamento térmico de lodo proveniente da indústria sucroalcooleira. 2011. 87 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2011.