Complexos triazólicos de Pd(II): síntese, caracterização e atividade biológica
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Data
2007-02-28
Autores
Bego, Amadeu Moura [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O 1,2,4-triazol é um composto heterocíclico aromático contendo três átomos de nitrogênio dispostos nas posições 1, 2 e 4 de um anel de cinco membros. O interesse nos complexos contendo este ligante iniciou-se em meados de 1965, quando as propriedades magnéticas de vários sistemas triazólicos foram estudadas. Comparado aos pirazóis e imidazóis, o 1,2,4-triazol apresenta um átomo de nitrogênio a mais, o que lhe confere uma maior diversidade de modos de coordenação. Este trabalho contemplou inicialmente a síntese, a caracterização espectroscópica e o estudo do comportamento térmico de complexos de Pd(II) contendo o ligante 1,2,4-triazol. Ênfase foi dada à investigação da influência de diversas rotas sintéticas no tipo de complexo formado. As metodologias gerais de síntese dos complexos envolveram preferencialmente a reação de substituição da acetonitrila na esfera de coordenação do precursor [PdCl2(MeCN)2] pelos ligantes 1,2,4-triazol (Htrz) e trifenilfosfina (PPh3) e a utilização do complexo [H2PdCl4] como precursor alternativo. Quando foi utilizada a razão molar 1 [PdCl2(MeCN)2] : 2Htrz : 2 PPh3 houve apenas a formação do complexo mononuclear [PdCl2(PPh3)2], não sendo observada portanto a coordenação do triazol. No entanto, com a proporção molar 1[PdCl2(MeCN)2] : 2Htrz: 1 PPh3, em uma condição experimental de excesso de triazol, a coordenação deste ligante foi favorecida, gerando o complexo trinuclear [Pd3Cl4(trz)2(PPh3)3] com o ânion triazolato coordenado nos modos bi e tridentado. Durante a coordenação, o triazol é facilmente desprotonado, o que privilegia a coordenação do ânion triazolato, resultando em complexos onde o mesmo pode atuar nos modos bi e/ou tridentado. Entretanto, isto pode ser evitado acidificando o meio reacional.
1,2,4-triazole is an aromatic heterocyclic compound bearing three nitrogen atoms in the 1,2,4 positions of a five-membered ring. The interest on their complexes has begun in 1965 when magnetic properties of some 1,2,4-triazolyl systems were studied. The fact that 1,2,4-triazole possesses an additional nitrogen atom, when compared to pyrazoles and imidazoles, confers a wide variety of coordination modes. This work has dealt with the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and the study of thermal behavior of Pd(II) compounds containing the 1,2,4-triazole ligand. The influence of the synthetic route on the resulting complexes was investigated. The general synthetical procedure involved the displacement of acetonitrile from the coordination sphere of [PdCl2(MeCN)2] precursor by the ligands 1,2,4-triazole (Htrz) and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) as well the use of [H2PdCl4] as an alternative precursor. The 1,2,4-triazole did not coordinate on employing the molar ratio 1 [PdCl2(MeCN)2] : 2Htrz : 2 PPh3, affording only the mononuclear [PdCl2(PPh3)2] compound. However, the coordination of 1,2,4-triazole was verified when the molar ratio 1 [PdCl2(MeCN)2] : 2Htrz: 1 PPh3 was used, yielding the trinuclear [Pd3Cl4(trz)2(PPh3)3] complex in which the triazolato anion acts as bidentate and tridentate ligand. 1,2,4-triazole is easily deprotonated which favours the bi- and tridentate coordination modes. Nevertheless, the deprotonation is avoided by acidifying the reaction media. Therefore, compounds of general formulae [PdCl2(Htrz)] with the 1,2,4-triazole ligand in the bidentate mode were obtained in acid media and, depending on the precursor employed, the bidentate fashion can be controlled.
1,2,4-triazole is an aromatic heterocyclic compound bearing three nitrogen atoms in the 1,2,4 positions of a five-membered ring. The interest on their complexes has begun in 1965 when magnetic properties of some 1,2,4-triazolyl systems were studied. The fact that 1,2,4-triazole possesses an additional nitrogen atom, when compared to pyrazoles and imidazoles, confers a wide variety of coordination modes. This work has dealt with the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and the study of thermal behavior of Pd(II) compounds containing the 1,2,4-triazole ligand. The influence of the synthetic route on the resulting complexes was investigated. The general synthetical procedure involved the displacement of acetonitrile from the coordination sphere of [PdCl2(MeCN)2] precursor by the ligands 1,2,4-triazole (Htrz) and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) as well the use of [H2PdCl4] as an alternative precursor. The 1,2,4-triazole did not coordinate on employing the molar ratio 1 [PdCl2(MeCN)2] : 2Htrz : 2 PPh3, affording only the mononuclear [PdCl2(PPh3)2] compound. However, the coordination of 1,2,4-triazole was verified when the molar ratio 1 [PdCl2(MeCN)2] : 2Htrz: 1 PPh3 was used, yielding the trinuclear [Pd3Cl4(trz)2(PPh3)3] complex in which the triazolato anion acts as bidentate and tridentate ligand. 1,2,4-triazole is easily deprotonated which favours the bi- and tridentate coordination modes. Nevertheless, the deprotonation is avoided by acidifying the reaction media. Therefore, compounds of general formulae [PdCl2(Htrz)] with the 1,2,4-triazole ligand in the bidentate mode were obtained in acid media and, depending on the precursor employed, the bidentate fashion can be controlled.
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Polímeros (Química), Espectroscopia eletronica, Atividade biológica, Compostos heterociclicos, Coordination polymers
Como citar
BEGO, Amadeu Moura. Complexos triazólicos de Pd(II): síntese, caracterização e atividade biológica. 2007. 95 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2007.