Distribuição espacial da leishmaniose visceral canina e humana no município de Birigui-SP
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Data
2004
Autores
Vigilato, Marco Antonio Natal [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A leishmaniose visceral americana (LVA) ou calazar é uma antropozoonose causada pelo protozoário Leishmania (L.) chagasi, transmitida através do repasto sanguíneo de flebotomíneos. O cão é o principal reservatório e fonte de infecção para o ser humano e outros cães. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: determinar a distribuição espacial da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e da LVA no Município de Birigui (SP) no período de 1998 a 2003, localizar, espacialmente, os casos de LVC e LVA; e avaliar a relação espacial da ocorrência da LVC com a LVA. Foi realizada uma busca por dados epidemiológicos dos cães e seres humanos junto à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Os dados sobre a ocorrência da LVA e LVC foram distribuídos espacialmente no mapa do município, subdivido em 16 setores, seguindo o critério do Programa Nacional de Combate à Dengue. Foi utilizado o teste de correlação de Pearson para a associação das variáveis. Com relação aos resultados, verificou-se 1.384 cães positivos para pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Leishmania e 13 seres humanos com LVA. Dos cães com LVC, 51,8% eram machos, 65,5% sem raça definida, 67,3% de porte médio e 29,6% tinha idade entre 7 e 12 meses. O tempo médio de espera do diagnóstico laboratorial da Leishmaniose Visceral Canina foi de 49,7 dias e a taxa de ocorrênciade LVC no município foi de 2,97%, com presença da enfermidade em 15 dos 16 setores. Dos seres humanos com LVA, 76,9% eram do gênero masculino e a idade variou de 1 a 76 anos. A incidência no período estudado foi de 13,8/100.000 hab. e taxa de letalidade de 30,8%. Observou-se que em dez setores do município ocorreram casos de LVA. Houve correlação positiva (r=0,963) entre os casos de Leishmaniose Visceral Canina e Leishmaniose Visceral Americana e baixa correlação (r=0,033) entre a taxa de ocorrência de LVC e o coeficiente... .
American Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) or Kalazar, is one antropozoonosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania (L.) chagasi, it is transmitted by the bites of phlebotomous mosquitoes. The dog is the main reservoir to humans and other dogs. The objectives of this work was: to determine the canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and AVL spatial distribution in the City of Birigui, São Paulo State, Brazil, during 1998 thru 2003; to locate, spacially, the CVL and AVL cases; and to evaluate the spatial relation between CVL and AVL occurrence. An epidemiological data search was carried through for the dogs and human in the City Department of Health. The AVL and CVL occurrence data was spacially distributed in the city map, subdivide in 16 sectors, following the Dengue National Combat Program criteria. The Pearsonþs correlation test was used for the variable association. About the results, was verified 1,384 positive dogs for anti-Leishmania antibodies tests, and 13 human with AVL. The dogs with CVL, 51.8% were male, 65.5% without defined race, 67.3% of medium size and 29.6% had age between 7 and 12 months. The average of time to wait the laboratorial diagnosis on CVL was of 49,7 days and the CVL occurrence rate 2,97%, with disease presence in 15 of the 16 sectors. About the human with AVL, 76.9% they were male and the age varied of 1 thru 76 years. The incidence rate in the period was 13,8/100.000 hab. And the lethality was 30,8%. It was observed that in ten sectors of the city had occurred AVL cases. It had positive correlation (r=0,963) between the CVL cases and AVL, and low correlation (r=0,033) between the CVL occurrence and the AVL incidence. It was concluded that the AVL and CVL cases are spacially distributed in all city. The same model, applied in this study, can be used by other cities that has occurrence of AVL and CVL, to assist in the strategies for the control of this important zoonosis.
American Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) or Kalazar, is one antropozoonosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania (L.) chagasi, it is transmitted by the bites of phlebotomous mosquitoes. The dog is the main reservoir to humans and other dogs. The objectives of this work was: to determine the canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and AVL spatial distribution in the City of Birigui, São Paulo State, Brazil, during 1998 thru 2003; to locate, spacially, the CVL and AVL cases; and to evaluate the spatial relation between CVL and AVL occurrence. An epidemiological data search was carried through for the dogs and human in the City Department of Health. The AVL and CVL occurrence data was spacially distributed in the city map, subdivide in 16 sectors, following the Dengue National Combat Program criteria. The Pearsonþs correlation test was used for the variable association. About the results, was verified 1,384 positive dogs for anti-Leishmania antibodies tests, and 13 human with AVL. The dogs with CVL, 51.8% were male, 65.5% without defined race, 67.3% of medium size and 29.6% had age between 7 and 12 months. The average of time to wait the laboratorial diagnosis on CVL was of 49,7 days and the CVL occurrence rate 2,97%, with disease presence in 15 of the 16 sectors. About the human with AVL, 76.9% they were male and the age varied of 1 thru 76 years. The incidence rate in the period was 13,8/100.000 hab. And the lethality was 30,8%. It was observed that in ten sectors of the city had occurred AVL cases. It had positive correlation (r=0,963) between the CVL cases and AVL, and low correlation (r=0,033) between the CVL occurrence and the AVL incidence. It was concluded that the AVL and CVL cases are spacially distributed in all city. The same model, applied in this study, can be used by other cities that has occurrence of AVL and CVL, to assist in the strategies for the control of this important zoonosis.
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Palavras-chave
Cão - Doenças, Leishmaniose, Vigilancia epidemiologica, Vigilância sanitária, Epidemiologia
Como citar
VIGILATO, Marco Antonio Natal. Distribuição espacial da leishmaniose visceral canina e humana no município de Birigui-SP. 2004. 69 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 2004.