Avaliação técnica e socioeconômica da produção de cana-de-açúcar na região Oeste de São Paulo
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Data
2013-02-15
Autores
Koga, Paula Suemy Landi [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Estado de São Paulo maior produtor e exportador de cana de açúcar têm a região oeste paulista como fronteira para a expansão da cultura e fortalecimento do setor sucroenergético. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a expansão da cultura, caracterizar os fornecedores e suas associações, levantar e descrever a tecnologia utilizada, e avaliar economicamente a cultura da cana-de-açúcar no Escritório de Desenvolvimento Rural (EDR) de Andradina. Os dados foram levantados em 2011 e meados de 2012, através de entrevistas nas Associações, e da aplicação de questionários com 20 fornecedores de cana. Levantou-se que a idade média dos fornecedores era de 50 anos, a maioria possuía ensino médio e superior e era proprietário da terra. A pastagem foi a principal atividade substituída pela cana. O preço obtido pela produção da cana, a falta de capital de giro e o fato da colheita não ser realizada pela usina na época correta foram as principais dificuldades relatados pelo produtores. A AFOCAN e a AFCOP são associações pertencentes ao EDR estudado, que auxiliam os associados de diversas formas. Em relação às características agronômicas da produção de cana de açúcar, a maioria dos fornecedores realiza a calagem e gessagem em anos alternados, e as fórmulas mais utilizadas foram 05-25-20 no plantio, e 20-00-20 na soqueira. A cigarrinha das raízes (Mahanarva fimbriolata), broca da cana (Diatrea saccharalis e D. flavipennella) foram às pragas que causaram maior prejuízo econômico, e a Brachiaria (Brachiaria decumbens) foi relatada como a principal planta daninha. O sistema de colheita mecanizado já é predominante na região, com cana crua e cana queimada, a produtividade média obtida nos 5 cortes foi de 94 t/ha. Em relação a análise econômica, a receita bruta (RB) de todo o ciclo foi de R$ 28.200,00/ha...
The State of São Paulo is the largest producer and exporter of sugarcane it has the region west of São Paulo, as boarder for crop expansion and strengthening of the sugarcane industry. This study aimed to analyze the expansion of crop, characterize the suppliers and their associations, survey and describe the technology used and evaluate economically the sugarcane crop in the Rural Development Office (EDR) Andradina. The data were collected in 2011, through interviews in Associations, and the application of questionnaires to 20 sugarcane suppliers. . The survey shows that the average age of suppliers was 50 years old, the majority had high school and undergraduate and they were the owner of the land. The pasture was the main activity replaced by sugarcane. The price obtained for sugarcane production, lack of working capital and the fact that the harvest is not done at the right time by the plant were the main obstacles reported by producers. The AFOCAN and AFCOP are associations which belongs to EDR studied members that assist in several ways. Regarding the agronomic characteristcs of sugarcane production, most of suppliers apply lime and gypsum in alternate years, and the most used formulas were 05-25-20 during planting, and 20-00-20 at stumps. The leafhopper roots (Mahanarva fimbriolata), sugarcane borer (D. saccharalis and Diatrea flavipennella) were pests that caused the biggest economic loss, and Brachiaria (Brachiaria decumbens) was reported as the main weed. . The mechanized harvesting system is already prevalent in the region, with raw and burned sugarcane, and the average yield obtained in 5 cuts was 94 t/ha. Regarding the economic analysis, the gross incoming (RB) of the entire cycle was R$ 28,200.00/ha, with a total operating cost (TOC) of R$ 23,919.05 / ha, net income was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The State of São Paulo is the largest producer and exporter of sugarcane it has the region west of São Paulo, as boarder for crop expansion and strengthening of the sugarcane industry. This study aimed to analyze the expansion of crop, characterize the suppliers and their associations, survey and describe the technology used and evaluate economically the sugarcane crop in the Rural Development Office (EDR) Andradina. The data were collected in 2011, through interviews in Associations, and the application of questionnaires to 20 sugarcane suppliers. . The survey shows that the average age of suppliers was 50 years old, the majority had high school and undergraduate and they were the owner of the land. The pasture was the main activity replaced by sugarcane. The price obtained for sugarcane production, lack of working capital and the fact that the harvest is not done at the right time by the plant were the main obstacles reported by producers. The AFOCAN and AFCOP are associations which belongs to EDR studied members that assist in several ways. Regarding the agronomic characteristcs of sugarcane production, most of suppliers apply lime and gypsum in alternate years, and the most used formulas were 05-25-20 during planting, and 20-00-20 at stumps. The leafhopper roots (Mahanarva fimbriolata), sugarcane borer (D. saccharalis and Diatrea flavipennella) were pests that caused the biggest economic loss, and Brachiaria (Brachiaria decumbens) was reported as the main weed. . The mechanized harvesting system is already prevalent in the region, with raw and burned sugarcane, and the average yield obtained in 5 cuts was 94 t/ha. Regarding the economic analysis, the gross incoming (RB) of the entire cycle was R$ 28,200.00/ha, with a total operating cost (TOC) of R$ 23,919.05 / ha, net income was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Investimentos - Analise, Sugarcane
Como citar
KOGA, Paula Suemy Landi. Avaliação técnica e socioeconômica da produção de cana-de-açúcar na região Oeste de São Paulo. 2013. 91 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2013.