Conservação genética in situ de espécies arbóreas que ocorrem na transição da floresta estacional semidecidual e o cerrado em Selvíria – MS
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Data
2008-08-28
Autores
Aragão, Simas Ferreira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A conservação in situ de recursos genéticos é uma estratégia de grande valia na preservação natural de toda uma comunidade de espécies, principalmente quando existem espécies em risco de extinção. Assim, em regiões de pecuária extensiva, com introdução de espécies de gramíneas exóticas, o ambiente natural foi modificado de tal forma, que restaram poucos fragmentos, ocasionando ruptura da estrutura das comunidades nos seus habitats. Outro fator relevante é o recente avanço da cana-de-açúcar, que vem provocando a eliminação dos poucos remanescentes arbóreos isolados, e com eles suas sementes que deveriam reflorestar as Áreas de Preservação Permanente e Reserva Legal, que se encontram descaracterizadas e utilizadas em sistemas produtivos. Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos: caracterizar os atributos químicos e físicos do solo e avaliar a ocorrência e a densidade populacional das principais espécies arbóreas que ocorrem em um fragmento florestal primário, localizado na Reserva Legal da Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia - FEPE/UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, no município de Selvíria (MS), que ocupa uma área de 99,69 ha. Para tanto, foram georeferênciadas 50 parcelas de 10 x 10 m distribuídas de forma casualizada, nas quais foram coletadas amostras para as análises químicas e físicas do solo. Na análise química do solo foi determinado: fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio pelo método de extração com resina trocadora de íons, matéria orgânica e hidrogênio mais alumínio. As propriedades físicas do solo estudadas foram macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo. Em relação às espécies arbóreas foram avaliados os caracteres silviculturais: altura total das plantas e diâmetro a altura do peito. Concluiu-se que os atributos químicos e físicos do solo apresentam...
The in situ conservation of genetic resources is a strategy of great value in the natural preservation of a whole community of species, especially when there are species at risk of extinction. Thus, in regions with extensive livestock rearing, with introduction of exotic species of grass, the natural environment was altered in a way that few fragments remained, causing the collapse of the structure of communities in their habitats. Another relevant factor is the recent advance of sugar cane, which is causing the elimination of the few remaining isolated trees, and with them their seeds which should afforest the Area of Permanent Preservation and Legal Reserve, which are deprived of their natural characteristics, and used in production systems. In this way, this work aimed to: characterize the chemical and physical attributes of soil and evaluate the occurrence and population density of the main tree species that occur in a fragment primary forest, located in Legal Reserve of Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia - FEPE / UNESP, Campus of Ilha Solteira, in Selvíria (MS) county, which occupies an area of 99.69 ha. To do so, 50 plots of 10 x 10 m were identified by satellite and randomly distributed, in which samples for chemical and physical soil analysis were collected. In the chemical analysis of soil was determined: phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium by the method of ion exchanging resin extraction, organic substance and hydrogen plus aluminum. The physical properties of soil studied were macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and density of the soil. Concerning the tree species, the following forest characters were evaluated: the total height of the plants and the diameter at chest height. It was concluded that the chemical and physical attributes of soil present a different spatial distribution which provides a wide variety of tree species... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The in situ conservation of genetic resources is a strategy of great value in the natural preservation of a whole community of species, especially when there are species at risk of extinction. Thus, in regions with extensive livestock rearing, with introduction of exotic species of grass, the natural environment was altered in a way that few fragments remained, causing the collapse of the structure of communities in their habitats. Another relevant factor is the recent advance of sugar cane, which is causing the elimination of the few remaining isolated trees, and with them their seeds which should afforest the Area of Permanent Preservation and Legal Reserve, which are deprived of their natural characteristics, and used in production systems. In this way, this work aimed to: characterize the chemical and physical attributes of soil and evaluate the occurrence and population density of the main tree species that occur in a fragment primary forest, located in Legal Reserve of Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia - FEPE / UNESP, Campus of Ilha Solteira, in Selvíria (MS) county, which occupies an area of 99.69 ha. To do so, 50 plots of 10 x 10 m were identified by satellite and randomly distributed, in which samples for chemical and physical soil analysis were collected. In the chemical analysis of soil was determined: phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium by the method of ion exchanging resin extraction, organic substance and hydrogen plus aluminum. The physical properties of soil studied were macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and density of the soil. Concerning the tree species, the following forest characters were evaluated: the total height of the plants and the diameter at chest height. It was concluded that the chemical and physical attributes of soil present a different spatial distribution which provides a wide variety of tree species... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Genetica florestal, Florestas – Conservação, Proteção ambiental, Solos florestais
Como citar
ARAGÃO, Simas Ferreira. Conservação genética in situ de espécies arbóreas que ocorrem na transição da floresta estacional semidecidual e o cerrado em Selvíria – MS. 2008. 130 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2008.