Avaliação dinamométrica e eletromiográfica do quadril em idosas caidoras e não caidoras
Carregando...
Data
2012-03-23
Autores
Morcelli, Mary Hellen [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As quedas são problemas graves em idosos devido ao impacto negativo na qualidade de vida e deterioração das funções desses indivíduos. Declínio na função neuromuscular, especialmente dos membros inferiores, tem sido identificado como fator de risco para quedas nessa população. A contribuição biomecânica da função muscular da articulação do quadril é importante para manter ou recuperar o equilíbrio diante de uma perturbação. Sendo assim, avaliação dinamométrica associada à eletromiografia são ferramentas eficientes na representação das respostas musculares e podem identificar os comprometimentos a nível muscular em indivíduos idosos. Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as variáveis biomecânicas da articulação do quadril de idosas. Foram avaliadas 44 idosas, sendo 20 caidoras e 24 não caidoras. Foram realizadas 5 contrações isocinéticas para cada movimento, sendo que na flexão e extensão as velocidades foram de 30°/s e 120°/s e para abdução e adução de 30°/s e 180°/s. Também foram realizadas 3 contrações isométricas dos flexores, extensores, abdutores e adutores de quadril, mantidas por 5 segundos com intervalo de 30 segundos. Durante a coleta de dados isocinético também foram coletados dados eletromiográficos dos seguintes músculos: Oblíquo interno (OI), Reto femoral (RF), Mutífido (Mu), Glúteo máximo(GM) e Bíceps femoral (BF). Os idosos caidores apresentaram menor taxa de desenvolvimento de força (TDF) nos 50 milisegundos (ms) na flexão, nos 50,100 e 200 ms na extensão, nos 50 e 100 ms na abdução e nos 200 ms na adução, além de menor taxa de ativação neuromuscular (TAN) do músculo RF. Além disso, idosos caidores apresentaram torque muscular dos extensores, abdutores e adutores significamente menores do que idosos não caidores, além de menor...
Falls are serious problems in the elderly due to the impact on quality of life and deterioration of the functions of these individuals. Decline in neuromuscular function, especially of the lower limbs, has been identified as a risk factor for falls in this population. The contribution of muscle function biomechanics of the hip joint is important to maintain or restore balance. So, muscle strength dynamometer associated with electromyography are effective assessment of muscle response and can identify the impairments in muscle in the elderly. Thus, this study aims to analyze the biomechanical variables of the hip joint in elderly women. We evaluated 44 elderly, 20 fallers and 24 non-fallers. They were performed 5 isokinetic contractions for each movement, for flexion and extension velocities were 30 °/s and 120 °/s and for abduction and adduction of 30 °/s and 180 °/s. Were also performed three isometric contractions of the flexors, extensors, hip abductors and adductors, maintained for 5 seconds at intervals of 30 seconds. During data collection of muscle strength dynamometer, were also collected EMG data from the following muscles: Internal Oblique (IO), Fectus Memoris (RF), Mutifidus (Mu), Gluteus Maximus (GM) and Biceps Femoris (BF). Fallers showed a lower rate of force development (RFD) in 50 milliseconds (ms) in flexion, in 50,100 and 200 ms in extension, the 50 and 100 ms in the abduction and at 200 ms in the adduction. Also, fallers had a lower rate neuromuscular activation (RNA) of the RF muscle. In addition, fallers showed muscle torque of the extensors, abductors and adductors significantly lower than non-fallers, and lower muscle power to the flexors, hip extensors and abductors (p ≤ 0.05). Finally, the fallers also showed significantly high muscle activation of the RF and BF, but less activation of the GM during peak torque, and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Falls are serious problems in the elderly due to the impact on quality of life and deterioration of the functions of these individuals. Decline in neuromuscular function, especially of the lower limbs, has been identified as a risk factor for falls in this population. The contribution of muscle function biomechanics of the hip joint is important to maintain or restore balance. So, muscle strength dynamometer associated with electromyography are effective assessment of muscle response and can identify the impairments in muscle in the elderly. Thus, this study aims to analyze the biomechanical variables of the hip joint in elderly women. We evaluated 44 elderly, 20 fallers and 24 non-fallers. They were performed 5 isokinetic contractions for each movement, for flexion and extension velocities were 30 °/s and 120 °/s and for abduction and adduction of 30 °/s and 180 °/s. Were also performed three isometric contractions of the flexors, extensors, hip abductors and adductors, maintained for 5 seconds at intervals of 30 seconds. During data collection of muscle strength dynamometer, were also collected EMG data from the following muscles: Internal Oblique (IO), Fectus Memoris (RF), Mutifidus (Mu), Gluteus Maximus (GM) and Biceps Femoris (BF). Fallers showed a lower rate of force development (RFD) in 50 milliseconds (ms) in flexion, in 50,100 and 200 ms in extension, the 50 and 100 ms in the abduction and at 200 ms in the adduction. Also, fallers had a lower rate neuromuscular activation (RNA) of the RF muscle. In addition, fallers showed muscle torque of the extensors, abductors and adductors significantly lower than non-fallers, and lower muscle power to the flexors, hip extensors and abductors (p ≤ 0.05). Finally, the fallers also showed significantly high muscle activation of the RF and BF, but less activation of the GM during peak torque, and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cinesiologia, Quedas (Acidentes), Articulação de quadril, Aptidão fisica em idosos, Equilibrio (Fisiologia), Postura humana, Torque
Como citar
MORCELLI, Mary Hellen. Avaliação dinamométrica e eletromiográfica do quadril em idosas caidoras e não caidoras. 2012. 79 f. Dissertação - (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2012.