Seleção de substratos celulósicos atrativos para o cupim Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
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Data
2006-11-23
Autores
Lima, Juliana Toledo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A espécie exótica de cupim Coptotermes gestroi (Família Rhinotermitidae) é considerada uma das pragas urbanas economicamente mais importantes no Brasil. O seu hábito críptico limita os estudos sobre sua biologia e comportamento, o que dificulta um controle realmente efetivo. Uma forma de controle biorracional é a tecnologia de iscas, já que leva em consideração o comportamento social desses insetos, além de preservar o meio ambiente. Seu princípio é a transmissão de agentes químicos ou biológicos diretamente para os cupins, visando atingir toda a colônia. A isca é composta por ingredientes ativos incorporados a substratos que contenham celulose. Para que o controle seja mais eficiente, esses substratos devem ser atrativos aos cupins, estimulando o recrutamento e a atividade de alimentação dos indivíduos. Em vista do exposto, a presente pesquisa propôs, por meio de testes laboratoriais e de campo, selecionar substratos celulósicos mais atrativos e adequados à incorporação de ingredientes ativos. Inicialmente foram testados 12 tipos de substratos, e a partir desses, selecionados 4 que foram utilizados nos bioensaios posteriores. O período de duração dos testes laboratoriais foi de 28 dias. Já para os testes de campo foram executados 8 ciclos experimentais, sendo que cada ciclo durou 7 dias. Todos os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente, com nível de significância (á) igual a 0,05. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os substratos mais atrativos para C. gestroi foram papelão corrugado e colmo de milho. Tais fontes celulósicas...
The exotic species of termite Coptotermes gestroi (Family Rhinotermitidae) is considered one of the most important urban pests in Brazil. Its cryptic habit limits the studies about its biology and behavior, what difficult an effective control. A way to perform biorrational control of termites is the bait technology, since it considers the social behavior of these insects beyond preserving the environment. Its principle is the transmission of chemical or biological agents straightly for the termites, aiming to reach the whole colony. The bait is composed by active ingredients incorporated to substrates that contain cellulose. In order to improve the efficiency of the bait control, these substrates must be attractive to the termites, stimulating the recruitment and the feeding activity of the individuals. Based on the presented background, this research proposed, by means of laboratory and field tests, to select cellulosic substrates more attractive and suitable to adding the active ingredients. Initially, twelve types of substrates were tested, and four of them were selected, which had been used in the posterior bioassays. The laboratory tests were processed along 28 days, while the field tests demanded eight experimental cycles, each of them during 7 days. All the results were statistically analyzed, at a significance level (á) of 0.05. The results showed that the most attractive substrates for C. gestroi were corrugated cardboard and corn stem. Such cellulosic sources were clearly more consumed than the other materials; in addition they had recruited a large number of individuals to the baits. Some Abstract 4 factors must be considered in the matrix choice, such as their manipulation and viability to termiticid impregnation, aiming to the contribution for the development of more efficient baits in the termite control.
The exotic species of termite Coptotermes gestroi (Family Rhinotermitidae) is considered one of the most important urban pests in Brazil. Its cryptic habit limits the studies about its biology and behavior, what difficult an effective control. A way to perform biorrational control of termites is the bait technology, since it considers the social behavior of these insects beyond preserving the environment. Its principle is the transmission of chemical or biological agents straightly for the termites, aiming to reach the whole colony. The bait is composed by active ingredients incorporated to substrates that contain cellulose. In order to improve the efficiency of the bait control, these substrates must be attractive to the termites, stimulating the recruitment and the feeding activity of the individuals. Based on the presented background, this research proposed, by means of laboratory and field tests, to select cellulosic substrates more attractive and suitable to adding the active ingredients. Initially, twelve types of substrates were tested, and four of them were selected, which had been used in the posterior bioassays. The laboratory tests were processed along 28 days, while the field tests demanded eight experimental cycles, each of them during 7 days. All the results were statistically analyzed, at a significance level (á) of 0.05. The results showed that the most attractive substrates for C. gestroi were corrugated cardboard and corn stem. Such cellulosic sources were clearly more consumed than the other materials; in addition they had recruited a large number of individuals to the baits. Some Abstract 4 factors must be considered in the matrix choice, such as their manipulation and viability to termiticid impregnation, aiming to the contribution for the development of more efficient baits in the termite control.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Térmita, Isca, Cupim subterrâneo, Urban pests - Control
Como citar
LIMA, Juliana Toledo. Seleção de substratos celulósicos atrativos para o cupim Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). 2006. xii, 96 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2006.