Controle químico da broca das meliaceas Hypsipyla grandella zeller (Lepidoptera: pyralidae) em mogno sul americano (Swietenia macrophylla King)
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Data
2010-08-31
Autores
Ribeiro, Alessandro de Magalhães Boccia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A broca das meliáceas Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) é responsável pelo insucesso de inúmeras tentativas de plantações de mogno em diversos países do continente americano. Devido ao alto valor comercial da madeira, ensaios para o controle químico desta praga vêm sendo executados há oito décadas, envolvendo mais de 23 países dos trópicos, sem resultados satisfatórios. Devido à importância econômica e ambiental do mogno, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do controle químico, através de pulverizações foliares com deltametrina, injeção de inseticidas sistêmicos no tronco e aplicação no solo, associado a podas fitossanitárias, em um plantio experimental de S. macrophylla para controle da broca H. grandella em Garça, SP. O estudo foi dividido em dois experimentos, o primeiro experimento via foliar durante os primeiros 24 meses e o segundo via injeção no tronco e via solo, dos 24 meses até os 38 meses de idade. As avaliações foram feitas no período entre dezembro de 2006 a fevereiro de 2010. Os resultados obtidos foram de 64,21% de eficiência média de deltametrina aplicado via pulverização foliar mensal no período de fevereiro de 2008 a agosto de 2009 e 80% de eficiência média de acefato (75% i.a) aplicado via injeção no xilema em 120 dias após o tratamento, no período de outubro de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010, período de maior incidência da praga na região. Houve diferenças significativas nos tratamentos e no crescimento em altura e diâmetro das árvores, bem como baixa correlação positiva entre o número de ataques da broca e os índices de pluviosidade média e temperaturas médias durante o período de avaliação. Os tratamentos sistêmicos com imidacloprido 2,5%, imidacloprido 20%, imidacloprido 70% e tiametoxam+cipermetrina não apresentaram eficiência significativa
The Latin American mahogany shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella Zeller, is responsible for the failure of numerous attempts to mahogany plantations in several countries in the Americas. Due to the high commercial value of timber, testing for chemical control of this pest are running for eight decades, involving over 23 countries of the tropics, without satisfactory results. Due to economic and environmental importance of mahogany, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of chemical control by foliar sprays with deltamethrin, injection of systemic insecticides in the trunk and application in soil associated with plant pruning, planting in an experimental S. macrophylla for borer control H. grandella in Garça, SP. The study was carried out in two experiments. The first one was performed using foliar application during the first 24 months and the second with insecticide applied via trunk injection and via soil, since 24 months to 48 months. The evaluations were performed from December 2006 to February 2010. The results were 64.21% of average efficiency of deltamethrin applied by foliar sprays monthly from February 2008 to August 2009 and 80% average efficiency of acephate (75% a.i.) applied via injection into the xylem in 120 days after treatment in the period October 2009 to February 2010, a period of higher incidence of plague in the region. There were significant differences in treatments and in both height and diameter of trees, and low positive correlation between the number of attacks of the drill and the indices of average rainfall and average temperatures during the evaluation period. Systemic treatments with imidacloprid 2.5%, imidacloprid 20%, imidacloprid 70% and thiamethoxam + cypermethrin showed no significant efficiency
The Latin American mahogany shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella Zeller, is responsible for the failure of numerous attempts to mahogany plantations in several countries in the Americas. Due to the high commercial value of timber, testing for chemical control of this pest are running for eight decades, involving over 23 countries of the tropics, without satisfactory results. Due to economic and environmental importance of mahogany, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of chemical control by foliar sprays with deltamethrin, injection of systemic insecticides in the trunk and application in soil associated with plant pruning, planting in an experimental S. macrophylla for borer control H. grandella in Garça, SP. The study was carried out in two experiments. The first one was performed using foliar application during the first 24 months and the second with insecticide applied via trunk injection and via soil, since 24 months to 48 months. The evaluations were performed from December 2006 to February 2010. The results were 64.21% of average efficiency of deltamethrin applied by foliar sprays monthly from February 2008 to August 2009 and 80% average efficiency of acephate (75% a.i.) applied via injection into the xylem in 120 days after treatment in the period October 2009 to February 2010, a period of higher incidence of plague in the region. There were significant differences in treatments and in both height and diameter of trees, and low positive correlation between the number of attacks of the drill and the indices of average rainfall and average temperatures during the evaluation period. Systemic treatments with imidacloprid 2.5%, imidacloprid 20%, imidacloprid 70% and thiamethoxam + cypermethrin showed no significant efficiency
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lepidoptera pyralidae, Inseticidas, Broca (Inseto), Hypsipyla grandella, Swietenia macrophylla, Insecticides
Como citar
RIBEIRO, Alessandro de Magalhães Boccia. Controle químico da broca das meliaceas Hypsipyla grandella zeller (Lepidoptera: pyralidae) em mogno sul americano (Swietenia macrophylla King). 2010. vii, 75 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2010.