O desenvolvimento do psiquismo infantil por meio da literatura: análise de livros do plano nacional do livro didático – literário
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Data
2023-03-10
Autores
Junqueira, Clara Cassiolato
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo está vinculado à linha de pesquisa “Processos psicológicos e contextos de desenvolvimento humano” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Faculdade de Ciências e Letras da UNESP-Assis. Tem como objetivo principal analisar alguns livros infantis, distribuídos para as escolas públicas por meio do Plano Nacional do Livro Didático - Literário 2018, buscando identificar elementos provocativos da reação estética. Entende-se a literatura infantil como objeto artístico que contém significados e oferece ao leitor, por meio de seus conteúdos e formas, novas composições e criações, além de instrumentos capazes de influir e incrementar as funções psicológicas tipicamente humanas. Amparada na Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e no Método Histórico-Dialético, a pesquisa propôs um exame dos livros, tendo em vista analisar condições que, presentes na obra literária, sejam provocativas da reação estética, considerada, neste estudo, uma unidade de análise que incorpora dois aspectos essenciais: a materialidade do livro e o conteúdo da narrativa. A análise de um conjunto de oito livros confirmou que há possibilidades desenvolvidas e materializadas em suas páginas capazes de suscitar a reação estética, e que o conteúdo e a forma do texto literário, observadas suas especificidades, confluem para fomentar a percepção, a atenção, o pensamento, a linguagem, a memória, emoções e sentimentos; funções psicológicas que, mediadas pela aprendizagem literária, poderão vir a ser estimuladas e enriquecidas, fazendo-as alçar outros níveis.
This research is linked to the research line “Psychological processes and human context of development” of the Post Graduate Program in Psychology of the Faculdade de Ciências e Letras UNESP-Assis. Its main objective is to analyze some children's books, distributed to public schools through the Plano Nacional do Livro Didático - Literário 2018, seeking to identify provocative elements of the aesthetic reaction. Children's literature is understood as an artistic object that contains meanings and offers the reader, through its contents and forms, new compositions and creations, as well as instruments capable of influencing and increasing typically human psychological functions. Supported by the Historical-Cultural Psychology and the Historical-Dialectic Method, the research proposed an examination of the books, to analyze conditions that, present in the literary work, are provocative of the aesthetic reaction, considered, in this study, a unit of analysis that incorporates two essential aspects: the materiality of the book and the content of the narrative. The analysis of a set of eight books confirmed that there are possibilities developed and materialized in their pages capable of provoking an aesthetic reaction and that the content and form of the literary text, observing its specificities, converge to foster perception, attention, thought, language, memory, emotions, and feelings; psychological functions that, mediated by literary learning, may be stimulated and enriched, making them rise to other levels.
This research is linked to the research line “Psychological processes and human context of development” of the Post Graduate Program in Psychology of the Faculdade de Ciências e Letras UNESP-Assis. Its main objective is to analyze some children's books, distributed to public schools through the Plano Nacional do Livro Didático - Literário 2018, seeking to identify provocative elements of the aesthetic reaction. Children's literature is understood as an artistic object that contains meanings and offers the reader, through its contents and forms, new compositions and creations, as well as instruments capable of influencing and increasing typically human psychological functions. Supported by the Historical-Cultural Psychology and the Historical-Dialectic Method, the research proposed an examination of the books, to analyze conditions that, present in the literary work, are provocative of the aesthetic reaction, considered, in this study, a unit of analysis that incorporates two essential aspects: the materiality of the book and the content of the narrative. The analysis of a set of eight books confirmed that there are possibilities developed and materialized in their pages capable of provoking an aesthetic reaction and that the content and form of the literary text, observing its specificities, converge to foster perception, attention, thought, language, memory, emotions, and feelings; psychological functions that, mediated by literary learning, may be stimulated and enriched, making them rise to other levels.
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Palavras-chave
Psicologia infantil, Psicologia histórico-cultural, Psicologia e arte, Literatura infantojuvenil, Reação estética, Psychism, Children's literature, Aesthetic reaction, Historical-cultural psychology