Mechanical nociceptive thresholds using four probe configurations in horses

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dc.contributor.authorTaylor, Polly M.
dc.contributor.authorCrosignani, Nadia [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Carlize [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorRosa, Ademir C. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorLuna, Stelio P. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorPuoli Filho, José N. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.institutionTopcat Metrology Ltd
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-07T15:36:29Z
dc.date.available2015-12-07T15:36:29Z
dc.date.issued2015-05-21
dc.description.abstractTo examine the relationship between probe tip size and force readings of mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MTs) to identify appropriate probes for horses. Randomized, crossover study. Eight adult, mixed-breed horses aged 5-10 years, weighing 268-460 kg. Four probe configurations (PCs) were used in random sequence: 1.0 mm diameter (SHARP); 3.2 mm (BLUNT); spring-mounted 1.0 mm (SPRING), and 3 × 2.5 mm (3PIN). A remote-controlled unit on the horse increased force (1.2 N second(-1) ) in a pneumatic actuator on the metacarpus. Mean MT for each PC was calculated from 10 readings for each horse. Data were log-transformed for analysis using mixed-effects anova/linear regression (p < 0.05). Variability of data for each PC was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV). Mean ± standard deviation MTs were: SHARP, 5.6 ± 2.3 N; BLUNT, 11.4 ± 3.4 N; 3PIN, 9.6 ± 4.6 N, and SPRING 6.4 ± 1.8 N. Mean MT for SHARP was significantly lower than for BLUNT (p < 0.001) and 3PIN (p < 0.001), but not different from SPRING (p > 0.05). Mean MT was significantly higher for BLUNT than for 3PIN (p < 0.05) and SPRING (p < 0.001). Mean MT for 3PIN was significantly higher than for SPRING (p < 0.001). Larger contact area PCs produced higher MTs than smaller PCs, but the relationship was not linear. BLUNT (area: 10-fold greater) gave a MT two-fold higher than SHARP. 3PIN (area: 20-fold greater) produced more variable MTs, less than two-fold higher than SHARP. SPRING was similar to SHARP. CVs were: SHARP, 22.9%; BLUNT, 72.3%; 3PIN, 44.2%, and SPRING, 28.7%. The PC has nonlinear effects on MT. Therefore, it is important to define PC when measuring MT. Smaller probe tips may be preferable as MT data are less variable.en
dc.description.affiliationTopcat Metrology Ltd, Ely, UK.
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartment of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 2010/08967-0
dc.format.extent1-10
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vaa.12274
dc.identifier.citationVeterinary Anaesthesia And Analgesia, p. 1-10, 2015.
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/vaa.12274
dc.identifier.issn1467-2995
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5312-9076
dc.identifier.pubmed25997162
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/131499
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherAssociation of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia
dc.relation.ispartofVeterinary Anaesthesia And Analgesia
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,800
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourcePubMed
dc.subjectForceen
dc.subjectNociceptionen
dc.subjectPainen
dc.subjectPressureen
dc.subjectProbe sizeen
dc.subjectStimulus intensityen
dc.titleMechanical nociceptive thresholds using four probe configurations in horsesen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.rightsHolderAssociation of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia
unesp.author.orcid0000-0001-5312-9076[5]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Botucatupt

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