North & South: um estudo do sublime em Elizabeth Bishop a partir dos motivos do oceano e da reticência
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Data
2023-09-06
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente dissertação se dedica a promover um estudo crítico do primeiro livro de poemas de Elizabeth Bishop, North & South (1946), a partir da manifestação da categoria estética do sublime e da linguagem reticente que caracteriza a poética bishopiana, a qual já foi destacada nos trabalhos de Octávio Paz (1982), Adrienne Rich (1993), Sílvia Maria Guerra Anastácio (1999), Silviano Santiago (2000) e Fernanda Dusse (2016). . North & South não foi escolhido apenas por se tratar da obra inaugural de Elizabeth Bishop na poesia modernista americana, mas também por delinear os principais traços do que, posteriormente, iria configurar a .maturidade do projeto estético da poeta, podendo-se mencionar a autoconsciência poética e a representação da experiência a partir de impressões fragmentárias. Além disso, é importante ressaltar que parte considerável da fortuna crítica de Elizabeth Bishop no Brasil, que se debruçou sobre North & South e outras produções da autora, já explorou com frequência alguns dos temas reincidentes na poesia bishopiana, a saber: a viagem e suas implicações e, também,as impressões enunciadas pelo sujeito queer (SILVA, 2013) diante dos desafios de se estar em um mundo que nem sempre é capaz de incluir e representar a diversidade. Sem negar a contribuição dos estudos realizados anteriormente, esta pesquisa debruça-se sobre o elemento sublime que perpassa esses temas que ocuparam a crítica especializada, sem, contudo, receber consideração mais detida por parte desta. Assim, propõe-se uma análise dos poemas “The map”, “The imaginary iceberg”, “The fish” e “The Unbeliever” que visa demonstrar o desdobramento da estética do sublime na poesia moderna de Elizabeth Bishop a partir de um dos motivos primários de sua poética: o oceano (HAMMER, 2007). Por meio deste motivo, analisado à luz da teoria do sublime e cuja reticência se apresenta como espécie de ramificação, é possível evidenciar que as ideias de transitividade, mapeamento e flexibilização de fronteiras, bem como os processos de metamorfose e resistência que aparecem nos poemas analisados, não estão diretamente relacionados à temática da viagem em virtude desta aparecer na referida obra não como causa, mas como efeito do projeto estético da poeta. Este, por sua vez, está associado ao conceito de readjustment (reajuste), formulado por T.S Eliot (1919) no ensaio “Tradição e talento individual”. A partir deste conceito, Elizabeth Bishop buscou incorporar em sua poesia o fluxo da mudança, a organização aberta e provisória de um mundo constantemente sujeito a reajustes (sobretudo o mundo da criação artística) e, por isso mesmo, indeterminado e representado pela instabilidade atribuída ao oceano e ao seu entorno.
This dissertation is dedicated to promote a critical study of Elizabeth Bishop's first book of poems, North & South (1946), from the manifestation of the aesthetic category of the sublime and the reticent language that characterizes Bishop's poetics, which has already been highlighted in the works of Octávio Paz (1982), Adrienne Rich (1993), Silvia Maria Guerra Anastácio (1999), Silviano Santiago (2000) and Fernanda Dusse (2016). North & South was chosen not only because it is Elizabeth Bishop's inaugural work in American modernist poetry, but also because it outlines the main traits of what would later configure the maturity of the poet's aesthetic project, one can mention, poetic self-consciousness and the representation of experience from fragmentary impressions. Moreover, it is important to note that a considerable part of the critical fortune of Elizabeth Bishop in Brazil, which has focused on North & South and other productions of the author, has often explored some of the recurrent themes in Bishop's poetry, namely: the journey and its implications and also the impressions enunciated by the queer subject (SILVA, 2013) facing the challenges of being in a world that is not always able to include and represent diversity. Without denying the contribution of studies previously conducted, this research focuses on the sublime element that permeates these themes that have occupied the specialized criticism, without, however, receiving more detailed consideration by it. Thus, we propose an analysis of the poems "The map", "The imaginary iceberg", "The fish" and “The unbeliever” which aims to demonstrate the unfolding of the aesthetics of the sublime in modern poetry of Elizabeth Bishop from one of the primary motifs of her poetics: the ocean (HAMMER, 2007). Through this motif, analyzed in the light of sublime theory and whose reticence is presented as a kind of branching, it is possible to show that the ideas of transitivity, mapping and flexibility of borders, as well as the processes of metamorphosis and resistance that appear in the poems analyzed, are not directly related to the theme of travel because this appears in the work not as cause, but as an effect of the aesthetic project of the poet. This, in turn, is associated with the concept of readjustment, formulated by T.S. Eliot (1919) in the essay "Tradition and Individual Talent". From this concept, Elizabeth Bishop sought to incorporate in her poetry the flow of change, the open and provisional organization of a world constantly subject to readjustment (especially the world of artistic creation) and, therefore, indeterminate and represented by the instability attributed to the ocean and its surroundings.
This dissertation is dedicated to promote a critical study of Elizabeth Bishop's first book of poems, North & South (1946), from the manifestation of the aesthetic category of the sublime and the reticent language that characterizes Bishop's poetics, which has already been highlighted in the works of Octávio Paz (1982), Adrienne Rich (1993), Silvia Maria Guerra Anastácio (1999), Silviano Santiago (2000) and Fernanda Dusse (2016). North & South was chosen not only because it is Elizabeth Bishop's inaugural work in American modernist poetry, but also because it outlines the main traits of what would later configure the maturity of the poet's aesthetic project, one can mention, poetic self-consciousness and the representation of experience from fragmentary impressions. Moreover, it is important to note that a considerable part of the critical fortune of Elizabeth Bishop in Brazil, which has focused on North & South and other productions of the author, has often explored some of the recurrent themes in Bishop's poetry, namely: the journey and its implications and also the impressions enunciated by the queer subject (SILVA, 2013) facing the challenges of being in a world that is not always able to include and represent diversity. Without denying the contribution of studies previously conducted, this research focuses on the sublime element that permeates these themes that have occupied the specialized criticism, without, however, receiving more detailed consideration by it. Thus, we propose an analysis of the poems "The map", "The imaginary iceberg", "The fish" and “The unbeliever” which aims to demonstrate the unfolding of the aesthetics of the sublime in modern poetry of Elizabeth Bishop from one of the primary motifs of her poetics: the ocean (HAMMER, 2007). Through this motif, analyzed in the light of sublime theory and whose reticence is presented as a kind of branching, it is possible to show that the ideas of transitivity, mapping and flexibility of borders, as well as the processes of metamorphosis and resistance that appear in the poems analyzed, are not directly related to the theme of travel because this appears in the work not as cause, but as an effect of the aesthetic project of the poet. This, in turn, is associated with the concept of readjustment, formulated by T.S. Eliot (1919) in the essay "Tradition and Individual Talent". From this concept, Elizabeth Bishop sought to incorporate in her poetry the flow of change, the open and provisional organization of a world constantly subject to readjustment (especially the world of artistic creation) and, therefore, indeterminate and represented by the instability attributed to the ocean and its surroundings.
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Bishop, Elizabeth, 1911-1979, O Sublime na literatura, Poesia norte-americana - História e crítica, Poesia lírica - Séc. XX, Poética, Sublime, Poetics of reticence, Self-conscious poetry, Lyric of the 20 th century
Como citar
FERNANDES, Isabela Cristina. North & South: Um estudo do sublime em Elizabeth Bishop a partir dos motivos do oceano e da reticência. 2023. 171 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Letras). Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Assis, 2024.