Produção e pós-colheita da beterraba em função da adubação potássica em cobertura
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2023-06-29
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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O fornecimento balanceado de nutrientes é essencial para o desenvolvimento das plantas, que por sua vez, afeta diretamente a produtividade e a qualidade final do produto. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos da adubação potássica aplicada em cobertura na produção e qualidade pós-colheita da cultura da beterraba cultivar Tall Top Early Wonder, armazenada sob refrigeração sob refrigeração em câmara fria a temperatura de 5 ± 1 ºC e umidade relativa de 85 ± 5 %. Este trabalho foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental de São Manuel pertencente a Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos constituídos por diferentes doses de K2O (0, 60, 120,180 e 240 kg ha-1) aplicados em cobertura na forma de KCl, sendo parcelados aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias após o transplante (DAT), nas porcentagens de 20%, 30%, 30% e 20% em relação ao total recomendado no período, com cinco repetições. Verificou-se para as características de produção que o potássio proporcionou aumento linear no comprimento e diâmetro da raiz e na produtividade. A maior porcentagem de raízes comerciais (98,1%) foi obtida na dose de 194 kg ha-1 de K2O. Na pós-colheita, a adubação potássica proporcionou aumento na firmeza e acidez titulável, bem como redução da atividade respiratória e porcentagem de perda de massa fresca das raízes durante o período de armazenamento, influenciando positivamente na aparência e aumento da vida útil das raízes de beterraba. Para as características bioquímicas, o incremento de K2O promoveu maior estabilidade nos valores de luminosidade e nos teores de betalaínas.
The balanced supply of nutrients is essential for plant development, which in turn directly affects productivity and the final quality of the product. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of potassium fertilization applied as cover on the production and post-harvest quality of the beet crop, cultivar Tall Top Early Wonder, under refrigeration in a cold chamber at a temperature of 5 ± 1 ºC and relative humidity of 85 ± 5%. This work was carried out at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments consisting of different doses of K2O (0, 60, 120,180 and 240 kg ha-1) applied in cover in the form of KCl, being split at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after transplantation (DAT), in the percentages of 20%, 30%, 30% and 20% in relation to the recommended total in the period, with five repetitions. It was verified for the production characteristics that potassium provided an increase in the length and diameter of the root and in the productivity. The highest percentage of marketable roots (98.1%) was obtained at the dose of 194 kg ha-1 of K2O. In the post-harvest, potassium fertilization provided an increase in firmness and titratable acidity, as well as a reduction in respiratory activity and percentage of loss of fresh mass of the roots during the storage period, positively influencing the appearance and increase in the useful life of the roots of beet. For biochemical characteristics, the increase in K2O promoted greater stability in light values and betalain levels.
The balanced supply of nutrients is essential for plant development, which in turn directly affects productivity and the final quality of the product. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of potassium fertilization applied as cover on the production and post-harvest quality of the beet crop, cultivar Tall Top Early Wonder, under refrigeration in a cold chamber at a temperature of 5 ± 1 ºC and relative humidity of 85 ± 5%. This work was carried out at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments consisting of different doses of K2O (0, 60, 120,180 and 240 kg ha-1) applied in cover in the form of KCl, being split at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after transplantation (DAT), in the percentages of 20%, 30%, 30% and 20% in relation to the recommended total in the period, with five repetitions. It was verified for the production characteristics that potassium provided an increase in the length and diameter of the root and in the productivity. The highest percentage of marketable roots (98.1%) was obtained at the dose of 194 kg ha-1 of K2O. In the post-harvest, potassium fertilization provided an increase in firmness and titratable acidity, as well as a reduction in respiratory activity and percentage of loss of fresh mass of the roots during the storage period, positively influencing the appearance and increase in the useful life of the roots of beet. For biochemical characteristics, the increase in K2O promoted greater stability in light values and betalain levels.
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atributos físico-químicos, Beta vulgaris L, betalaínas, compostos bioativos, potássio, bioactive compounds, betalains, physicochemical attributes, potassium