A "cultura do cancelamento" como tema de sociologia no ensino médio
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Data
2023-03-22
Autores
Martins, Tamires de Assis Lima
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objeto desta pesquisa é a “cultura do cancelamento”, um fenômeno contemporâneo, apresentado aqui como tema de sociologia no Ensino Médio. O objetivo é elaborar o conceito e situar as bases econômicas e sociais do fato, situando-o na sociedade em rede, permitindo, a partir daí, que professores e alunos discutam livremente a respeito das preocupações que surgem quando refletem acerca da “cultura do cancelamento”. A proposta é que a inclusão do tema nas aulas de sociologia se justifica pela necessidade de motivar os jovens a se engajarem e participarem ativamente, como protagonistas, na construção do conhecimento, respeitando-os como sujeitos históricos que possuem referências culturais e trajetórias de vidas próprias, distintas em muitos aspectos das preocupações do mundo adulto. Ressalta-se que um dos desafios que os professores enfrentam nas escolas de ensino médio atualmente é o desinteresse dos jovens pelos temas curriculares consolidados, como se estes não fizessem sentido para suas vidas no presente. A ideia é estabelecer a “cultura do cancelamento” como tema de aula próximo à condição juvenil, às culturas juvenis e ao mundo do entretenimento, iniciativa que exemplifica uma estratégia do professor para mitigar os conflitos existentes entre as juventudes e a escola. Em relação à metodologia, desenvolve-se revisão bibliográfica das conceituações da “cultura do cancelamento” e aprofunda-se o entendimento, mediante análise de conteúdo de comentários no twitter em que os internautas expressaram suas leituras a respeito da atuação das empresas Gerdau e Fiat no caso Maurício Souza. Como resultados, constata-se que a “cultura do cancelamento” é definida em três níveis. Em perspectiva centrada no ato sancionatório, o “cancelamento” é definido pelos seus resultados na vida do sujeito “cancelado”, ou seja, o propósito do “cancelamento” é reduzir ao mínimo o capital simbólico do sujeito “cancelado”, com consequências negativas em sua vida econômica e profissional. Em segundo nível, as transformações sociais e econômicas que tornam possível a “cultura do cancelamento” referem-se às novas tecnologias de comunicação em rede, estas que permitem registrar e compartilhar comportamentos com enorme rapidez e facilidade, o que possibilita que as condutas sociais em face de valores e identidades socialmente relevantes sejam tratadas como valores de mercado pelos agentes econômicos. Empresas que assumem com seu engajamento, na opinião de parte dos internautas, o papel de agentes transformadores da realidade social e política, em substituição às políticas públicas e ao papel do Estado, como retrato do ceticismo em relação às instituições estatais, sendo este o significado da “cultura do cancelamento” em terceiro nível de análise. Por fim, em sua relação com mudanças econômicas e sociais recentes, a “cultura do cancelamento” é um dos instrumentos que colaboram para reunir a audiência tendencialmente dispersa na era da internet, o que interessa a grupos de comunicação, aos formadores de opinião, a influenciadores digitais, a celebridades tradicionais e às estratégias de publicidade do setor empresarial.
The object of this research is the “cancel culture”, a contemporary phenomenon, presented here as a suggestion for class theme in high school. The objective is to find a concept, and the economic and social bases of “cancel culture”, a problem of the network society, allowing teachers and students to discuss freely the concerns that arise about the “cancel culture”. Our perspective is that the sociological approach of “cancel culture” is justified by the need to motivate young people to engage and participate actively, as protagonists, in the construction of knowledge, respecting them, understanding their own life’s history, who have particular cultural meanings, distinct in many ways, from the concerns of the adult world. It should be noted that one of the challenges that teachers face in high schools today is young people's lack of interest in classic class themes as if these did not make sense for their lives. The idea is to establish “cancel culture”, as a class theme, considering its potential to catch the young people's attention, for being close to the youth condition, youth cultures, and the world of entertainment, capable of mitigating existing conflicts between youth and school. Regarding the methodology, bibliographical research is carried out on the concepts of “cancel culture” and the understanding is deepened through the content analysis of comments on Twitter in which internet users expressed their interpretations about the performance of Gerdau and Fiat in the Maurício Souza’s case. As result, the “cancel culture” is defined at three levels. From a perspective centered on the sanctioning act, the “cancellation” is defined by its results in the life of the “canceled” person, the purpose of the “cancellation” is to reduce to a minimum the symbolic capital of the “canceled” person, with negative consequences in their economic and professional life. At a second level, the social and economic transformations that make possible the “cancel culture” refer to the new technologies of network communication, which allow the recording and sharing of behaviors with enormous speed and ease, which makes it possible for social behaviors in face of values and identities are treated as market values by economic agents. Companies that assume with their engagement, in the opinion of some internet users, the role of transforming the reality in substitution of public policies and the role of the State, as a portrait of skepticism about state institutions, which is the meaning of “cancel culture” at the third level of analysis. Finally, concerning recent economic and social changes, “cancel culture” is one of the instruments that bring together an audience that tends to spread, in the internet age, which interests communication groups, opinion makers, digital influencers, and traditional celebrities as well as corporate advertising strategies.
The object of this research is the “cancel culture”, a contemporary phenomenon, presented here as a suggestion for class theme in high school. The objective is to find a concept, and the economic and social bases of “cancel culture”, a problem of the network society, allowing teachers and students to discuss freely the concerns that arise about the “cancel culture”. Our perspective is that the sociological approach of “cancel culture” is justified by the need to motivate young people to engage and participate actively, as protagonists, in the construction of knowledge, respecting them, understanding their own life’s history, who have particular cultural meanings, distinct in many ways, from the concerns of the adult world. It should be noted that one of the challenges that teachers face in high schools today is young people's lack of interest in classic class themes as if these did not make sense for their lives. The idea is to establish “cancel culture”, as a class theme, considering its potential to catch the young people's attention, for being close to the youth condition, youth cultures, and the world of entertainment, capable of mitigating existing conflicts between youth and school. Regarding the methodology, bibliographical research is carried out on the concepts of “cancel culture” and the understanding is deepened through the content analysis of comments on Twitter in which internet users expressed their interpretations about the performance of Gerdau and Fiat in the Maurício Souza’s case. As result, the “cancel culture” is defined at three levels. From a perspective centered on the sanctioning act, the “cancellation” is defined by its results in the life of the “canceled” person, the purpose of the “cancellation” is to reduce to a minimum the symbolic capital of the “canceled” person, with negative consequences in their economic and professional life. At a second level, the social and economic transformations that make possible the “cancel culture” refer to the new technologies of network communication, which allow the recording and sharing of behaviors with enormous speed and ease, which makes it possible for social behaviors in face of values and identities are treated as market values by economic agents. Companies that assume with their engagement, in the opinion of some internet users, the role of transforming the reality in substitution of public policies and the role of the State, as a portrait of skepticism about state institutions, which is the meaning of “cancel culture” at the third level of analysis. Finally, concerning recent economic and social changes, “cancel culture” is one of the instruments that bring together an audience that tends to spread, in the internet age, which interests communication groups, opinion makers, digital influencers, and traditional celebrities as well as corporate advertising strategies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
“Cultura do cancelamento”, Redes sociais, Ensino de sociologia, “Cancel culture”, Social media, Sociology classes
Como citar
MARTINS, Tamires de Assis Lima. A "cultura do cancelamento" como tema de sociologia no ensino médio. Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023.