Incorporação do aluminato de cálcio e da zircônia no cimento ósseo de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) para aplicações biomédicas: estudo da osteogênese in vitro
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2024-03-05
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A engenharia de tecido ósseo tornou-se uma área muito importante para o desenvolvimento de biomateriais que visam restaurar e melhorar a função de tecidos
danificados. OBJETIVO: O objetivo foi avaliar a influência dos aditivos de aluminato de cálcio e de zircônia no cimento ósseo de polimetilmetacrilato na osteogênese in
vitro. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Após a produção das amostras de polimetilmetacrilato e das blendas com acréscimo de aluminato de cálcio e de zircônia, foi realizada a caracterização dessas amostras pela análise da morfologia das superfícies pela microscopia eletrônica de varredura, teste de molhabilidade, análise qualitativa da composição química dos elementos químicos e espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformação de Fourier. Após isso, foi realizado os testes in vitro utilizando células mesenquimais obtidas de fêmures de ratos, que foram plaqueadas com as amostras visando avaliar a influência dos biomateriais na atividade e diferenciação celular de osteoblastos, utilizando os testes de citotoxicidade, avaliação de proteína total, atividade de fosfatase alcalina, mensuração de expressão de citocina e formação de nódulos de mineralização. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a caracterização das amostras diferiu entre o controle e os grupos experimentais, e não houve diferença estatística significante (p>0,05) entre os grupos experimentais e controle, tanto no teste de molhabilidade quanto nos testes biológicos in vitro. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível concluir que as amostras de polimetilmetacrilato com os aditivos são materiais que podem ser considerados para o uso na engenharia de tecido ósseo devido à ausência de citotoxicidade e por permitirem a diferenciação celular.
Bone tissue engineering has become a highly significant field for the development of biomaterials aimed at restoring and enhancing the function of damaged tissues. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the influence of calcium aluminate and zirconia additives in polymethylmethacrylate bone cement on in vitro osteogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following the production of polymethylmethacrylate samples and blends with the addition of calcium aluminate and zirconia, the characterization of these samples was performed through scanning electron microscopy surface morphology analysis, wettability testing, qualitative analysis of chemical composition, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, in vitro tests were conducted using mesenchymal cells obtained from rat femurs. These cells were plated with the samples to evaluate the influence of biomaterials on osteoblast cell activity and differentiation, employing cytotoxicity tests, total protein evaluation, alkaline phosphatase activity, cytokine expression measurement, and mineralization nodule formation. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The results indicated differences in sample characterization between the control and experimental groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) observed between the experimental and control groups in both wettability testing and in vitro biological assays. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that polymethylmethacrylate samples with additives are materials that may be considered for use in bone tissue engineering due to their lack of cytotoxicity and their ability to support cellular differentiation.
Bone tissue engineering has become a highly significant field for the development of biomaterials aimed at restoring and enhancing the function of damaged tissues. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the influence of calcium aluminate and zirconia additives in polymethylmethacrylate bone cement on in vitro osteogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following the production of polymethylmethacrylate samples and blends with the addition of calcium aluminate and zirconia, the characterization of these samples was performed through scanning electron microscopy surface morphology analysis, wettability testing, qualitative analysis of chemical composition, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, in vitro tests were conducted using mesenchymal cells obtained from rat femurs. These cells were plated with the samples to evaluate the influence of biomaterials on osteoblast cell activity and differentiation, employing cytotoxicity tests, total protein evaluation, alkaline phosphatase activity, cytokine expression measurement, and mineralization nodule formation. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The results indicated differences in sample characterization between the control and experimental groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) observed between the experimental and control groups in both wettability testing and in vitro biological assays. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that polymethylmethacrylate samples with additives are materials that may be considered for use in bone tissue engineering due to their lack of cytotoxicity and their ability to support cellular differentiation.
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Biomateriais, Cimento ósseo, Osteogênese, Polimetilmetacrilato, Aluminato de cálcio, Zircônia, Biomaterials, Bone cement, Osteogenesis, Polymethyl methacrylate, Calcium aluminate, Zirconia
Como citar
Lupp JS. INCORPORAÇÃO DO ALUMINATO DE CÁLCIO E DA ZIRCÔNIA NO CIMENTO ÓSSEO DE POLIMETILMETACRILATO (PMMA) PARA APLICAÇÕES BIOMÉDICAS: estudo da osteogênese in vitro. [trabalho de conclusão de curso]. São José dos Campos (SP): Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; 2024.