Resistência subalterna: diálogo interartes
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Data
2023-03-10
Autores
Souza, Davi Silistino de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A resistência subalterna, caracterizada como o combate a forças hegemônicas, as quais intentam rebaixar, silenciar ou apagar outras vidas, vem sendo estudada há décadas pelos Estudos Subalternos indianos e latinos. A partir da análise de obras de expressões artísticas, como a Literatura e o Cinema, estudiosos dessas abordagens propiciam com que integrantes desses grupos tenham espaço de fala e possam ser ouvidos e compreendidos. A presente tese possui como objetivo estudar de que maneira a resistência subalterna ocorre nos romances Ghostwritten (2001) e Cloud Atlas (2004), escritos por David Mitchell, e no filme Uma história de amor e fúria (2013), roteirizado e dirigido por Luiz Bolognesi. Em nossas análises, evidenciaremos como cada obra apresenta, predominantemente, formas específicas de resistência, sendo o filme representante da resistência de ordem violenta, Ghostwritten aproximando-se da manifestação não violenta e Cloud Atlas expondo personagens atuando com a resistência não violenta ativa. Para tanto, utilizamo-nos dos escritos de Frantz Fanon (2008) e Ranajit Guha (1999), no que tange à presença da violência no contexto indiano e martinico; das teorizações de Henry David Thoreau (2012), Mahatma Gandhi (2010) e Martin Luther King, Jr. (2010), no tocante a conceitos da desobediência civil, do autogoverno e da resistência não violenta por meio da integração, respectivamente; e do pensamento crítico de Ochy Curiel (2014) e Judith Butler (2020), com relação à abordagem decolonial, da necessidade de união entre os subalternos e da consciência da força presente na resistência não violenta ativa. A partir dessa pesquisa, buscamos combater a influência da colonialidade e a manutenção dos eixos de opressão, de modo que a eliminação das precariedades e das desigualdades sociais, aliado com a valorização da cultura, da epistemologia e das vozes subalternas, seja possível na construção de realidades mais justas.
Subaltern resistance, characterized as the fight against hegemonic forces, which try to demean, silence or erase subaltern lives, has been studied for decades by Indian and Latin Subaltern Studies. Through the analysis of works from different artistic expressions, such as Literature and Cinema, scholars of these approaches enable members of such groups to have a speech to be heard and understood. The present dissertation aims to study how subaltern resistance occurs in the novels Ghostwritten (2001) and Cloud Atlas (2004), written by David Mitchell, and in the film Rio 2096 (2013), scripted and directed by Luiz Bolognese. In our analysis, we will show how each work predominantly presents specific forms of resistance: the film representing the violent resistance, Ghostwritten depicting the non-violent manifestation and Cloud Atlas exposing characters acting with an active non-violent behavior. As a critical- theoretical approach, we used the writings from Frantz Fanon (2008) and Ranajit Guha (1999), regarding the presence of violence in subaltern manifestations in the Indian and Martinique context; theories from Henry David Thoreau (2012), Mahatma Gandhi (2010) and Martin Luther King, Jr. (2010), regarding the concepts of civil disobedience, self-government and non-violent resistance through integration; and the critical thinking of Ochy Curiel (2014) and Judith Butler (2020), regarding the decolonial approach, the need for alliances between the subalterns and the awareness of the force present in active non-violent resistance. From this research, we seek to combat the influence of coloniality and the maintenance of the axes of oppression, so that the fight against precariousness and social inequalities, combined with the appreciation of culture, epistemology and subaltern voices, is possible in the construction of equalitarian realities.
Subaltern resistance, characterized as the fight against hegemonic forces, which try to demean, silence or erase subaltern lives, has been studied for decades by Indian and Latin Subaltern Studies. Through the analysis of works from different artistic expressions, such as Literature and Cinema, scholars of these approaches enable members of such groups to have a speech to be heard and understood. The present dissertation aims to study how subaltern resistance occurs in the novels Ghostwritten (2001) and Cloud Atlas (2004), written by David Mitchell, and in the film Rio 2096 (2013), scripted and directed by Luiz Bolognese. In our analysis, we will show how each work predominantly presents specific forms of resistance: the film representing the violent resistance, Ghostwritten depicting the non-violent manifestation and Cloud Atlas exposing characters acting with an active non-violent behavior. As a critical- theoretical approach, we used the writings from Frantz Fanon (2008) and Ranajit Guha (1999), regarding the presence of violence in subaltern manifestations in the Indian and Martinique context; theories from Henry David Thoreau (2012), Mahatma Gandhi (2010) and Martin Luther King, Jr. (2010), regarding the concepts of civil disobedience, self-government and non-violent resistance through integration; and the critical thinking of Ochy Curiel (2014) and Judith Butler (2020), regarding the decolonial approach, the need for alliances between the subalterns and the awareness of the force present in active non-violent resistance. From this research, we seek to combat the influence of coloniality and the maintenance of the axes of oppression, so that the fight against precariousness and social inequalities, combined with the appreciation of culture, epistemology and subaltern voices, is possible in the construction of equalitarian realities.
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Literatura inglesa, Cinema brasileiro, Estudos subalternos, David Mitchell, Luiz Bolognesi, Decoloniality, Postcolonialism, Subaltern resistance