β-carotene and other carotenoids as antioxidants

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dc.contributor.authorPaiva, Sergio Alberto Rupp de [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorRussell, Robert M.
dc.contributor.authorDutta, Sudhir K.
dc.contributor.institutionTufts University
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionSinai Hospital of Baltimore
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:19:46Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:19:46Z
dc.date.issued1999-10-07
dc.description.abstractCarotenoids are natural pigments which are synthesized by plants and are responsible for the bright colors of various fruits and vegetables. There are several dozen carotenoids in the foods that we eat, and most of these carotenoids have antioxidant activity. β-carotene has been best studied since, in most countries it is the most common carotenoid in fruits and vegetables. However, in the U.S., lycopene from tomatoes now is consumed in approximately the same amount as β-carotene. Antioxidants (including carotenoids) have been studied for their ability to prevent chronic disease. β-carotene and others carotenoids have antioxidant properties in vitro and in animal models. Mixtures of carotenoids or associations with others antioxidants (e.g. vitamin E) can increase their activity against free radicals. The use of animals models for studying carotenoids is limited since most of the animals do not absorb or metabolize carotenoids similarly to humans. Epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse relationship between presence of various cancers and dietary carotenoids or blood carotenoid levels. However, three out of four intervention trials using high dose β- carotene supplements did not show protective effects against cancer or cardiovascular disease. Rather, the high risk population (smokers and asbestos workers) in these intervention trials showed an increase in cancer and angina cases. It appears that carotenoids (including β-carotene) can promote health when taken at dietary levels, but may have adverse effects when taken in high dose by subjects who smoke or who have been exposed to asbestos. It will be the task of ongoing and future studies to define the populations that can benefit from carotenoids and to define the proper doses, lengths of treatment, and whether mixtures, rather than single carotenoids (e.g. β-carotene) are more advantageous.en
dc.description.affiliationJean Mayer U. States Dept. of Agric. Hum. Nutr. Research Center on Aging Tufts University, Boston, MA
dc.description.affiliationFaculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo
dc.description.affiliationSinai Hospital of Baltimore, 2435 W. Belvedere Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21215
dc.description.affiliationUnespFaculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo
dc.format.extent426-433
dc.identifierhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10511324
dc.identifier.citationJournal of the American College of Nutrition, v. 18, n. 5, p. 426-433, 1999.
dc.identifier.issn0731-5724
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-0032832655
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/65861
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of the American College of Nutrition
dc.relation.ispartofjcr2.175
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,865
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectβ-carotene
dc.subjectAntioxidants
dc.subjectCarotenoids
dc.subjectOxidative stress
dc.subjectRetinol
dc.subjectantioxidant
dc.subjectasbestos
dc.subjectbeta carotene
dc.subjectcarotenoid
dc.subjectantioxidant activity
dc.subjectbioavailability
dc.subjectcancer prevention
dc.subjectcarcinogenesis
dc.subjectcardiovascular disease
dc.subjectdiet supplementation
dc.subjectdrug induced disease
dc.subjectfood composition
dc.subjecthealth promotion
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectreview
dc.subjectvegetable
dc.subjectvitamin blood level
dc.subjectvitamin metabolism
dc.subjectvitamin supplementation
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectbeta Carotene
dc.subjectBiological Availability
dc.subjectClinical Trials
dc.subjectFruit
dc.subjectHeart Diseases
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectNeoplasms
dc.subjectVegetables
dc.subjectAngina
dc.subjectAnimalia
dc.subjectLycopersicon esculentum
dc.titleβ-carotene and other carotenoids as antioxidantsen
dc.typeResenha
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina, Botucatupt

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