Impacto do desafio sanitário na variabilidade do desempenho, da composição corporal e das exigências de lisina de suínos em crescimento
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Data
2023-07-10
Autores
Ortiz, Manoela Trevisan [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com a intensificação da produção animal, é cada vez mais comum que suínos estejam expostos a patógenos ou alojados em condições inadequadas – situações que podem levar à ativação do sistema imune . Objetivou - se com esse estudo avaliar o impacto de um desafio sanitário na variabilidade do desempenho, da composição corporal e das exigências de lisina ( Lys ) de suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados dados de uma população de 40 fêmeas suínas em crescimento (25,4 ± 3,7 kg) alojadas em condições sanitárias (CS) adequa das (n = 20), ou em CS precárias e inoculadas com 5 mL de 2 × 10 9 UFC de Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 20) . Dados de consumo de ração diário (CRD) e de peso corporal (PC) dessa população foram ajustados utilizando uma função polinomial de primeira ordem . A deposição proteica (DP) foi estimada em função do ganho de peso diário (GPD) estimado e da relação entre DP e GPD observados. Essas variáveis foram integradas em uma equação fatorial para estimar as exigências diárias de Lys de cada indivíduo . Durante a primeira semana experimental, animais em CS precárias apresentaram maior temperatura retal e maior e menor concentrações sérica s de haptoglobina e albumina , respectivamente, que os animais em CS adequadas . O desafio sanitário também reduziu o PC final em 9,5%, o GPD em 20,3%, o CRD em 8,5% e a DP em 20,3%. Os suínos alojados em CS precárias tiveram exigências de Lys 19,4% menores no 28º dia experimental e 9,9% menores durante toda fase experimental em relação aos alojados em CS adequadas. Em relação à variabilidade individual, suínos em CS precárias apresentaram CV maiores para PC (2,6%), GPD (9,7%), CRD (6,0%), DP (9,7%) e exigências de Lys (7,9%) durante o experimento. Além disso, as diferenças entre as exigência s de Lys dos animais mais e menos exigente s foram de 17% nas CS precárias e de 14% nas CS adequadas. Esses resultados demonstram como um desafio sanitário pode reduzir PC, GPD, CRD, DP e as exigências de Lys, além de aumentar a variabilidade do desempenho, da composição corporal e das exigências nutricionais de suínos em crescimento.
Due to the intensification of livestock production, it became common that pigs are exposed to pathogens or housed in poor sanitary conditions (SC) – situations that can lead to the activation of the immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a sanitary challenge in the variability of growth performance, body composition and lysine (Lys) requirements of growing pigs. Data from 40 growing female pigs (25.4 ± 3.7 kg) that were either raised in Good SC (n = 20) or raised under poor SC and inoculated with 5 mL of 2 × 109 UFC of Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 20) were used. Individual daily feed intake (DFI) and BW data from this population were smoothed by linear regression. Protein deposition (PD) was estimated considering predicted average daily gain (ADG) and the relation between observed PD and ADG. These variables were integrated in a factorial equation to estimate daily individual Lys requirements. During the first experimental week, animals in the poor SC had higher rectal temperature, higher haptoglobin and lower albumin concentrations than the animals in the Good SC. The sanitary challenge also caused reductions of 9.5% for final BW, 20.3% for ADG, 8.5% for DFI, and 20.3% for PD. For poor SC pigs, Lys requirements were 19.4% lower on day 28 and 9.9% lower throughout the experimental phase if compared to Good SC pigs. When analyzing individual pig variability, it was observed that animals in the poor SC had higher CV for final BW (2.6%), ADG (9.7%), DFI (6.0%), PD (9.7%), and for Lys requirements (7.9%) throughout the phase. Moreover, the differences in Lys requirements between the least and the most demanding pigs were 17% in the poor SC, and 14% in the Good SC. These results demonstrate how a sanitary challenge may reduce BW, ADG, DFI, PD, and Lys requirements; it also enhances the variability of growth performance, body composition and Lys requirements of growing pigs.
Due to the intensification of livestock production, it became common that pigs are exposed to pathogens or housed in poor sanitary conditions (SC) – situations that can lead to the activation of the immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a sanitary challenge in the variability of growth performance, body composition and lysine (Lys) requirements of growing pigs. Data from 40 growing female pigs (25.4 ± 3.7 kg) that were either raised in Good SC (n = 20) or raised under poor SC and inoculated with 5 mL of 2 × 109 UFC of Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 20) were used. Individual daily feed intake (DFI) and BW data from this population were smoothed by linear regression. Protein deposition (PD) was estimated considering predicted average daily gain (ADG) and the relation between observed PD and ADG. These variables were integrated in a factorial equation to estimate daily individual Lys requirements. During the first experimental week, animals in the poor SC had higher rectal temperature, higher haptoglobin and lower albumin concentrations than the animals in the Good SC. The sanitary challenge also caused reductions of 9.5% for final BW, 20.3% for ADG, 8.5% for DFI, and 20.3% for PD. For poor SC pigs, Lys requirements were 19.4% lower on day 28 and 9.9% lower throughout the experimental phase if compared to Good SC pigs. When analyzing individual pig variability, it was observed that animals in the poor SC had higher CV for final BW (2.6%), ADG (9.7%), DFI (6.0%), PD (9.7%), and for Lys requirements (7.9%) throughout the phase. Moreover, the differences in Lys requirements between the least and the most demanding pigs were 17% in the poor SC, and 14% in the Good SC. These results demonstrate how a sanitary challenge may reduce BW, ADG, DFI, PD, and Lys requirements; it also enhances the variability of growth performance, body composition and Lys requirements of growing pigs.
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Palavras-chave
Condições sanitárias, Deposição proteica, Método fatorial, Salmonella Typhimurium, Suinos