Inflammation, physical activity, and chronic disease: An evolutionary perspective

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dc.contributor.authorBurini, Roberto Carlos [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorDurstine, J. Larry
dc.contributor.authorCarson, James A.
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of South Carolina
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-25T11:09:28Z
dc.date.available2021-06-25T11:09:28Z
dc.date.issued2020-03-01
dc.description.abstractLow-grade inflammation is emerging as a common feature of contemporary metabolic, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases. Both physical inactivity and abdominal adiposity are associated with persistent systemic low-grade inflammation. Thus, the behavioral, biological, and physiological changes that cause a predisposition to obesity and other co-morbidities could have epigenetic underpinnings in addition to various evolutionary scenarios. A key assumption involves the potential for a mismatch between the human genome molded over generations, and the issue of adapting to the modern high calorie diet and common built environments promoting inactivity. This biological mismatch appears to have dire health consequences. Therefore, the goal of this article is to provide a brief overview on the importance of inflammation as part of human survival and how physical activity (PA) and physical inactivity are critical regulators of systemic inflammation. The review will highlight anti-inflammatory effects of PA and exercise training from a metabolic and systemic signaling perspective, which includes skeletal muscle to utilization of fatty acids, TLR4 signaling, and myokine/adipokine effects. The available evidence suggests that PA, regular exercise, and weight loss offer both protection against and treatment for a wide variety of chronic diseases associated with low-grade inflammation through an improved inflammatory profile.en
dc.description.affiliationBotucatu Medical School Sao Paulo State University - UNESP
dc.description.affiliationArnold School of Public Health Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina
dc.description.affiliationCollege of Health Professions Division of Rehabilitation Science University of Tennessee Health Science Center
dc.description.affiliationUnespBotucatu Medical School Sao Paulo State University - UNESP
dc.description.sponsorshipOffice of Public Affairs
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institutes of Health
dc.description.sponsorshipIdNational Institutes of Health: R01 CA-121249
dc.description.sponsorshipIdNational Institutes of Health: R21 CA-231131
dc.format.extent1-6
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2020.03.004
dc.identifier.citationSports Medicine and Health Science, v. 2, n. 1, p. 1-6, 2020.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.smhs.2020.03.004
dc.identifier.issn2666-3376
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85098191633
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/208272
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofSports Medicine and Health Science
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectCytokines
dc.subjectExercise
dc.subjectImmunity
dc.subjectInflammation
dc.subjectMyokines
dc.subjectObesity
dc.subjectPhysical activity
dc.subjectPhysical inactivity
dc.titleInflammation, physical activity, and chronic disease: An evolutionary perspectiveen
dc.typeResenha

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