Avaliação da extração de óleos do feno grego e caroço de abacate a partir de CO2 supercrítico e solventes para a produção de biodiesel
Data
2023-11-23
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A extração utilizando CO2 como fluido supercrítico se apresenta como uma alternativa relevante para a extração de óleos de matrizes vegetais visando a produção de biodiesel, isso porque a extração supercrítica apresenta menor tempo de extração quando comparado com os métodos convencionais, além de um grau de pureza elevado do óleo obtido. O presente trabalho apresenta informações do estudo cinético realizado a partir da extração supercrítica do óleo de feno grego e caroço de abacate, os experimentos utilizaram temperaturas de 40, 50 e 60°C e pressões de 200, 240 e 280 bar, aplicando uma matriz 2² para realizar uma análise estatística a fim de aprofundar o diagnóstico dos resultados. Para efeito de comparação, também foram realizadas extrações das duas matrizes vegetais utilizando solventes, aplicando o método Soxhlet, onde foram utilizados como solventes o álcool etílico e o hexano. Para os experimentos de extração supercrítica, foram apresentados os seguintes rendimentos: feno grego (1,65%) e caroço de abacate (1,96%). Para as extrações com solvente utilizando álcool etílico e hexano obteve-se os seguintes rendimentos: feno grego (1,41%) e caroço de abacate (1,63%), enquanto, utilizando o hexano obteve-se os seguintes rendimentos: feno-grego (1,29%) e caroço de abacate (1,37%). Ao final do estudo, concluiu-se que devido aos baixos rendimentos obtidos, a extração supercrítica de óleos das matrizes vegetais estudadas não é viável para a produção de biodiesel.
Extraction using CO2 as a supercritical fluid presents itself as a relevant alternative for extracting oils from vegetable matrices for the production of biodiesel, because supercritical extraction has a shorter extraction time when compared to conventional methods, in addition to a higher degree of purity. of the oil obtained. The present work presents information from the kinetic study carried out from the supercritical extraction of fenugreek oil and avocado seed, experiencing temperatures of 40, 50 and 60°C and pressures of 200, 240 and 280 bar, applying a 2² matrix to perform a statistical analysis in order to deepen the diagnosis of the results. For comparison purposes, extractions of the two plant matrices were also carried out using solvents, applying the Soxhlet method, where ethyl alcohol and hexane were used as solvents. For the supercritical extraction experiments, the following yields were presented: fenugreek (1.65%) and avocado seed (1.96%). For solvent extractions using ethyl alcohol and hexane, the following yields were obtained: fenugreek (1.41%) and avocado seed (1.63%), while, using hexane, the following yields were obtained: fenugreek (1.29%) and avocado pit (1.37%). At the end of the study, it was concluded that due to the low yields obtained, the supercritical extraction of oils from the plant matrices studied is not viable for the production of biodiesel.
Extraction using CO2 as a supercritical fluid presents itself as a relevant alternative for extracting oils from vegetable matrices for the production of biodiesel, because supercritical extraction has a shorter extraction time when compared to conventional methods, in addition to a higher degree of purity. of the oil obtained. The present work presents information from the kinetic study carried out from the supercritical extraction of fenugreek oil and avocado seed, experiencing temperatures of 40, 50 and 60°C and pressures of 200, 240 and 280 bar, applying a 2² matrix to perform a statistical analysis in order to deepen the diagnosis of the results. For comparison purposes, extractions of the two plant matrices were also carried out using solvents, applying the Soxhlet method, where ethyl alcohol and hexane were used as solvents. For the supercritical extraction experiments, the following yields were presented: fenugreek (1.65%) and avocado seed (1.96%). For solvent extractions using ethyl alcohol and hexane, the following yields were obtained: fenugreek (1.41%) and avocado seed (1.63%), while, using hexane, the following yields were obtained: fenugreek (1.29%) and avocado pit (1.37%). At the end of the study, it was concluded that due to the low yields obtained, the supercritical extraction of oils from the plant matrices studied is not viable for the production of biodiesel.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Extração supercrítica, CO2, Análise estatística, Feno grego, Caroço de abacate, Supercritical extraction, Statistical analysis, Solvent extraction, Fenugreek, Avocado seed
Como citar
ARAUJO, Lucas Finco Valle de. Extração de óleos do feno grego e caroço de abacate a partir da extração supercrítica utilizando CO2 para a produção de biodiesel. Orientador: Leandro Ferreira Pinto. 2023. 42 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia de Energia) - Faculdade de Engenharia e Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista. Rosana, 2023.