Effects of the extract and glycoalkaloids of Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill on Giardia lamblia trophozoites

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dc.contributor.authorMartins, Gilmarcio Z. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorMoreira, Raquel R. D. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorPlaneta, Cleopatra da Silva [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Adelia E. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorBastos, Jairo K.
dc.contributor.authorSalgueiro, Ligia
dc.contributor.authorCavaleiro, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorSousa, Maria do Ceu
dc.contributor.institutionCentro Universitário da Fundação Educacional de Barretos (UNIFEB)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Coimbra
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-21T21:01:47Z
dc.date.available2015-10-21T21:01:47Z
dc.date.issued2015-05-01
dc.description.abstractBackground: Solanum lycocarpum has great importance for food and medicinal traditional use. Recently, it was also evidenced that extracts of S. lycocarpum St. Hill (Solanaceae) and its glycoalkaloids, solamargine (Sg) and solasonine (Sn), are active against flagellated protozoa. Objective: The aim was to assess the effects of the extract of S. lycocarpum and its glycoalkaloids, Sn, and Sg, on Giardia lamblia trophozoites. Materials and Methods: A crude extract (96% ethanol) (EB) of fruits of S. lycocarpum was prepared and fractionated by partition with 40% ethanol and n-hexane: Ethyl acetate. Glycoalkaloids, Sn, and Sg were recognized in the ethanol fraction (EF) and further isolated by column chromatography. EB, EF, the isolated Sn and Sg and a mixture (1: 1) of both glycoalkaloids were tested on cultures of G. lamblia trophozoites and macrophages. Results: EB, EF and glycoalkaloids of S. lycocarpum showed activity against Giardia (95.0 < Inhibitory concentration 50 [IC50] <= 120.3 mu g/mL). The mixture of glycoalkaloids (1: 1) was more active (IC50 = 13.23 mu g/mL) than each one individually, suggesting a synergic effect. Moreover, the mixture is nontoxic to macrophage cells. Conclusion: Results are optimistic concerning the anti-Giardia potential of the mixture Sn + Sg. Further studies, in vitro and in vivo, will be required to consolidate the usefulness of the mixture of Sn + Sg in view of a new therapeutic strategy for giardiasis.en
dc.description.affiliationEduc Fdn Barretos, Univ Ctr, UNIFEB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUNESP Estadual Paulista Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Principles Nat Act &Toxicol, BR-14801902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUNESP Estadual Paulista Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Departament Drugs &Med, BR-14801902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Pharmaceut Sci Ribeirao Preto, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Coimbra, Fac Pharm, Ctr Pharmaceut Studies, Coimbra, Portugal
dc.description.affiliationUniv Coimbra, Ctr Neurosci &Cell Biol, Coimbra, Portugal
dc.description.affiliationUnespUNESP Estadual Paulista Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Principles Nat Act &Toxicol, BR-14801902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnespUNESP Estadual Paulista Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Departament Drugs & Med, BR-14801902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.sponsorshipInstituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia para Inovação Farmaceutica (INCT-if)
dc.format.extentS161-S165
dc.identifierhttp://www.phcog.com/article.asp?issn=0973-1296;year=2015;volume=11;issue=42;spage=161;epage=165;aulast=Martins
dc.identifier.citationPharmacognosy Magazine, v. 11, n. 42, p. S161-S165, 2015.
dc.identifier.doi10.4103/0973-1296.157721
dc.identifier.issn0973-1296
dc.identifier.lattes2514762545280942
dc.identifier.lattes7710344461864924
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4253-0320
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1378-6327
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/129406
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000356600100021
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMedknow Publications &media Pvt Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofPharmacognosy Magazine
dc.relation.ispartofjcr1.525
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,519
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectGiardia lambliaen
dc.subjectGlycoalkaloidsen
dc.subjectSolamargineen
dc.subjectSolanum lycocarpumen
dc.subjectSolasonineen
dc.titleEffects of the extract and glycoalkaloids of Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill on Giardia lamblia trophozoitesen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.rightsHolderMedknow Publications &media Pvt Ltd
unesp.author.lattes7710344461864924[2]
unesp.author.lattes2514762545280942[3]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-4253-0320[2]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-1378-6327[3]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquarapt

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Artigos - Princípios Ativos Naturais e Toxicologia - FCFAR
Artigos - Fármacos e Medicamentos - FCFAR