Visual encounters on line transect surveys under-detect carnivore species: Implications for assessing distribution and conservation status

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dc.contributor.authorFragoso, Jose M. V.
dc.contributor.authorGoncalves, Fernando [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Luiz F. B.
dc.contributor.authorOverman, Han
dc.contributor.authorLevi, Taal
dc.contributor.authorSilvius, Kirsten M.
dc.contributor.institutionStanford Univ
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
dc.contributor.institutionSUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry
dc.contributor.institutionOregon State Univ
dc.contributor.institutionVirginia Tech
dc.contributor.institutionCalif Acad Sci
dc.contributor.institutionInst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA MCTIC
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de Brasília (UnB)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Cambridge
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-10T17:00:07Z
dc.date.available2020-12-10T17:00:07Z
dc.date.issued2019-10-30
dc.description.abstractWe compared the distribution and occurrence of 15 carnivore species with data collected monthly over three years by trained native trackers using both sign surveys and an encounter-based, visual-distance method in a well-preserved region of southern Guyana (Amazon / Guiana Shield). We found that a rigorously applied sign-based method was sufficient to describe the status of most carnivore species populations, including rare species such as jaguar and bush dog. We also found that even when accumulation curves for direct visual encounter data reached an asymptote, customarily an indication that sufficient sampling has occurred to describe populations, animal occurrence and distribution were grossly underestimated relative to the results of sign data. While other researchers have also found that sign are better than encounters or camera traps for large felids, our results are important in documenting the failure of even intensive levels of effort to raise encounter rates sufficiently to enable statistical analysis, and in describing the relationship between encounter and sign data for an entire community of carnivores including felids, canids, procyonids, and mustelids.en
dc.description.affiliationStanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
dc.description.affiliationUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Dept Vertebrados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationSUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
dc.description.affiliationOregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
dc.description.affiliationVirginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA
dc.description.affiliationCalif Acad Sci, Inst Biodivers Sci & Sustainabil, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA
dc.description.affiliationInst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA MCTIC, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Estadual Paulista, Dept Ecol, Inst Biociencias, Lab Biol Conservacao LaBiC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Cambridge, Dept Zool, Conservat Sci Grp, Cambridge, England
dc.description.affiliationUnespUniv Estadual Paulista, Dept Ecol, Inst Biociencias, Lab Biol Conservacao LaBiC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science Foundation
dc.description.sponsorshipGordon and Betty Moore Foundation
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.sponsorshipStanford University
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipIdNational Science Foundation: BE/CNH 0508094
dc.description.sponsorshipIdGordon and Betty Moore Foundation: 2054.01
dc.description.sponsorshipIdCNPq: 202214/2015-0
dc.description.sponsorshipIdStanford University: 51211805202
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 2017/24252-0
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 2019/00648-7
dc.format.extent17
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223922
dc.identifier.citationPlos One. San Francisco: Public Library Science, v. 14, n. 10, 17 p., 2019.
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0223922
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/194965
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000495703800001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherPublic Library Science
dc.relation.ispartofPlos One
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.titleVisual encounters on line transect surveys under-detect carnivore species: Implications for assessing distribution and conservation statusen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.rightsHolderPublic Library Science
unesp.author.orcid0000-0001-8620-1011[2]

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