Avaliação do potencial de remoção de DQO de água de vaca por eletroflotação
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Data
2022-11-04
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Durante alguns processos de beneficiamento do leite, grande parte da água é removida para a concentração dos sólidos presentes, como é o caso da produção de leite condensado. Essa água extraída é denominada por muitos autores de ‘cow water’ ou ‘água de vaca’. Para viabilizar a sua utilização, é necessário o seu tratamento para a remoção de compostos residuais. A técnica utilizada nesse trabalho foi a eletroflotação. Para a análise da eficiência do tratamento, foi estudada a remoção de matéria orgânica, em termos de DQO, em experimentos variando a densidade de corrente aplicada, o tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) e a distância entre os eletrodos, sendo o número de experimentos necessários definidos por delineamento experimental. A maior eficiência obtida foi de 58,82% de remoção de DQO, para uma distância entre eletrodos de 1,5 cm, TDH de 60 min e 1,32 A/m² de densidade de corrente. A menor eficiência obtida foi de 22,15% de remoção de DQO, para uma distância entre eletrodos de 1,5 cm, TDH de 20 min e 6,60 A/m² de densidade de corrente. Para a maior remoção de DQO, a perda de massa dos eletrodos foi decerca de 0,5% no cátodo e 0,44% no ânodo. Ao avaliar a superfície de resposta, a interação mais significativa ocorreu entre o fator corrente e distância, o que indica que esses fatores combinados possuíram maior influência para remoção de DQO. A eletroflotação mostrou-se eficiente para a remoção de matéria orgânica da água de vaca, com um custo de R$ 3,88 por m³ de água tratada.
During some milk beneficiation process, several amounts of water is removed to concentrate solids presents on it, it is the case of condensed milk production. This water extract is called by many authors as ‘cow water’. To enable its utilization, it is necessary its purification to remove some residual compounds. The technic applied on this work was electroflotation. To verify the efficiency of the treatment, it was studied the COD removal in experiments where it was varied the current density applied, the HRT and distance between electrods. The number of experiments was defined in factorial thinning. The highest COD removal was 58,82%, with 1,32 A/m² current density, 60 minutes HRT, and 1,5 cm between electrodes. And the smallest COD removal was 22,15%, with 6,60 A/m² current density, 20 minutes HRT, and 1,5 cm between electrodes. To the highest COD removal, the electrods mass loss was 0,5% in cathode and 0,44 % in anode. When the response surface was evaluated, the most significant interaction occurred between current and electrods distance, this means that these factors combined has the highest influence on COD removal. Electroflotation was an efficient treatment to organic matter removal from cow water, with a cost of R$ 3,88 by m³ of water.
During some milk beneficiation process, several amounts of water is removed to concentrate solids presents on it, it is the case of condensed milk production. This water extract is called by many authors as ‘cow water’. To enable its utilization, it is necessary its purification to remove some residual compounds. The technic applied on this work was electroflotation. To verify the efficiency of the treatment, it was studied the COD removal in experiments where it was varied the current density applied, the HRT and distance between electrods. The number of experiments was defined in factorial thinning. The highest COD removal was 58,82%, with 1,32 A/m² current density, 60 minutes HRT, and 1,5 cm between electrodes. And the smallest COD removal was 22,15%, with 6,60 A/m² current density, 20 minutes HRT, and 1,5 cm between electrodes. To the highest COD removal, the electrods mass loss was 0,5% in cathode and 0,44 % in anode. When the response surface was evaluated, the most significant interaction occurred between current and electrods distance, this means that these factors combined has the highest influence on COD removal. Electroflotation was an efficient treatment to organic matter removal from cow water, with a cost of R$ 3,88 by m³ of water.
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Cow water, Eletroflotação, remoção de DQO, Electroflotation, COD removal.