Dark Matter of Primate Genomes: Satellite DNA Repeats and Their Evolutionary Dynamics

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dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Syed Farhan
dc.contributor.authorSingchat, Worapong
dc.contributor.authorJehangir, Maryam [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorSuntronpong, Aorarat
dc.contributor.authorPanthum, Thitipong
dc.contributor.authorMalaivijitnond, Suchinda
dc.contributor.authorSrikulnath, Kornsorn
dc.contributor.institutionKasetsart University
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionChulalongkorn University
dc.contributor.institutionCenter of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE)
dc.contributor.institutionKasetsart University (OmiKU)
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-25T10:19:50Z
dc.date.available2021-06-25T10:19:50Z
dc.date.issued2020-12-18
dc.description.abstractA substantial portion of the primate genome is composed of non-coding regions, so-called dark matter, which includes an abundance of tandemly repeated sequences called satellite DNA. Collectively known as the satellitome, this genomic component offers exciting evolutionary insights into aspects of primate genome biology that raise new questions and challenge existing paradigms. A complete human reference genome was recently reported with telomere-to-telomere human X chromosome assembly that resolved hundreds of dark regions, encompassing a 3.1 Mb centromeric satellite array that had not been identified previously. With the recent exponential increase in the availability of primate genomes, and the development of modern genomic and bioinformatics tools, extensive growth in our knowledge concerning the structure, function, and evolution of satellite elements is expected. The current state of knowledge on this topic is summarized, highlighting various types of primate-specific satellite repeats to compare their proportions across diverse lineages. Inter- and intraspecific variation of satellite repeats in the primate genome are reviewed. The functional significance of these sequences is discussed by describing how the transcriptional activity of satellite repeats can affect gene expression during different cellular processes. Sex-linked satellites are outlined, together with their respective genomic organization. Mechanisms are proposed whereby satellite repeats might have emerged as novel sequences during different evolutionary phases. Finally, the main challenges that hinder the detection of satellite DNA are outlined and an overview of the latest methodologies to address technological limitations is presented.en
dc.description.affiliationLaboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG) Department of Genetics Faculty of Science Kasetsart University
dc.description.affiliationSpecial Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG) Department of Forest Biology Faculty of Forestry Kasetsart University
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Bioscience at Botucatu São Paulo State University (UNESP)
dc.description.affiliationNational Primate Research Center of Thailand Chulalongkorn University
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University
dc.description.affiliationCenter of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE)
dc.description.affiliationOmics Center for Agriculture Bioresources Food and Health Kasetsart University (OmiKU)
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartment of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Bioscience at Botucatu São Paulo State University (UNESP)
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9122714
dc.identifier.citationCells, v. 9, n. 12, 2020.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/cells9122714
dc.identifier.issn2073-4409
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85099076665
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/205703
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofCells
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectalpha satellite
dc.subjectcentromere
dc.subjectevolution
dc.subjectheterochromatin
dc.subjectnon-human primates
dc.subjecttandem repeats
dc.titleDark Matter of Primate Genomes: Satellite DNA Repeats and Their Evolutionary Dynamicsen
dc.typeResenha
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-5985-7258 0000-0002-5985-7258 0000-0002-5985-7258 0000-0002-5985-7258 0000-0002-5985-7258[7]

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