A influência do consumo de óleo de coco na próstata de Gerbilos de Mongólia durante o envelhecimento e seu impacto na hiperplasia prostática benigna
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Data
2022-03-10
Autores
Guerra, Luiz Henrique Alves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A próstata é uma glândula altamente responsiva a alterações hormonais e consequentemente ao envelhecimento, uma vez que indivíduos idosos apresentam níveis diminuídos de andrógenos. Uma das respostas da próstata frente ao processo de envelhecimento é o desenvolvimento de hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB). Essa patologia é altamente relacionada com aumento de inflamação e de estresse oxidativo e esses, por sua vez, aumentam durante o envelhecimento. O uso de terapias alternativas como tratamento para a HPB vem crescendo e tem demonstrado efeitos benéficos à próstata, sem os danosos efeitos colaterais das drogas sintéticas comumente utilizadas. Algumas propriedades do óleo de coco, como antioxidante e anti-inflamatória fazem dele um candidato para o tratamento alternativo de doenças prostáticas, e ainda esse óleo se mostrou capaz de interferir na HPB induzida por testosterona. Entretanto, até o momento, não havia nenhum estudo detalhado sobre o efeito do consumo do óleo de coco durante o envelhecimento e das respostas morfofisiológicas na próstata. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho avaliou os efeitos do consumo de óleo de coco durante o envelhecimento na morfologia prostática, bem como seus efeitos na HPB espontânea e sua relação com fatores intimamente associados a essa doença como o processo inflamatório e o estresse oxidativo. Para tal foram utilizados gerbilos machos adultos submetidos a três diferentes condições experimentais: animais que não receberam nenhum tratamento durante um ano (grupo IC), animais que receberam água (0,1ml), em dias alternados, durante um ano (grupo GC) e animais que receberam óleo de coco 0,1ml), em dias alternados, durante um ano (grupo CO) e as administrações foram via gavagem. Foram realizadas análises morfológicas, morfométricas, estereológicas, imuno-histoquímicas, sorológicas, da expressão de proteínas, citocinas e avaliação do estresse oxidativo na próstata ventral. Os resultados mostraram que a manipulação dos animais no procedimento de gavagem durante o envelhecimento agravaram as lesões prostáticas, aumentaram a expressão de receptores hormonais e aumentam a espessura e a proliferação de células do estroma muscular. Esse procedimento também interferiu na população de macrófagos e na expressão de citocinas pró-inflamatórias, metaloproteinases, além de aumentar o estresse oxidativo. Já o consumo de óleo de coco atenuou ou inibiu essas alterações relacionadas ao envelhecimento e intensificadas pelo procedimento de gavagem. Assim, o consumo de óleo de coco durante o envelhecimento resultou em efeitos favoráveis ao uso desse óleo como agente fitoterápico no tratamento de HPB.
The prostate gland is highly responsive to hormonal changes and thus to aging since elderly individuals present lower androgen concentrations. One of the prostate responses to the aging process is the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This pathology is closely linked to increases in inflammation and oxidative stress, and these both increase during aging. The employment of alternative therapies as BPH treatment has been growing and has shown positive effects on the prostate, without the harmful secondary effects caused by the commonly available synthetic drugs. Some coconut oil properties, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make it a candidate for alternative therapy to treat prostate diseases, and this oil has been shown to interfere with testosterone-induced BPH. However, until now, there was no detailed study about the effect of coconut oil consumption over aging and the morpho-physiological responses on the prostate. Thus, the present study assessed the effects of coconut oil consumption throughout aging on the prostatic morphology, as well as its effects on naturally occurring BPH and its interaction with factors closely associated with this disease, such as the inflammatory process and oxidative stress. For this purpose, adult male gerbils were submitted to three different experimental conditions: animals without any treatment for one year (IC group), animals which received water (0.1ml), every other day, for one year (CG group), and animals which received coconut oil 0.1ml), every other day, for one year (CO group). We performed a series of analyses of morphological, morphometric, stereological, immunohistochemical, serological, protein, and cytokine expression and evaluation of oxidative stress in the ventral prostate. The results showed that animal handling in the gavage procedure throughout aging aggravated the prostatic lesions, increased the hormone receptor expression, and increased the thickness and the proliferation of the muscular stroma. This procedure also influenced the macrophage population and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, metalloproteinases, in addition to increasing oxidative stress. Coconut oil consumption, in contrast, attenuated or inhibited these age-related alterations intensified by the gavage procedure. Thus, coconut oil consumption over aging resulted in supportive data for the use of this oil as a phytotherapeutic agent in the HPB treatment.
The prostate gland is highly responsive to hormonal changes and thus to aging since elderly individuals present lower androgen concentrations. One of the prostate responses to the aging process is the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This pathology is closely linked to increases in inflammation and oxidative stress, and these both increase during aging. The employment of alternative therapies as BPH treatment has been growing and has shown positive effects on the prostate, without the harmful secondary effects caused by the commonly available synthetic drugs. Some coconut oil properties, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make it a candidate for alternative therapy to treat prostate diseases, and this oil has been shown to interfere with testosterone-induced BPH. However, until now, there was no detailed study about the effect of coconut oil consumption over aging and the morpho-physiological responses on the prostate. Thus, the present study assessed the effects of coconut oil consumption throughout aging on the prostatic morphology, as well as its effects on naturally occurring BPH and its interaction with factors closely associated with this disease, such as the inflammatory process and oxidative stress. For this purpose, adult male gerbils were submitted to three different experimental conditions: animals without any treatment for one year (IC group), animals which received water (0.1ml), every other day, for one year (CG group), and animals which received coconut oil 0.1ml), every other day, for one year (CO group). We performed a series of analyses of morphological, morphometric, stereological, immunohistochemical, serological, protein, and cytokine expression and evaluation of oxidative stress in the ventral prostate. The results showed that animal handling in the gavage procedure throughout aging aggravated the prostatic lesions, increased the hormone receptor expression, and increased the thickness and the proliferation of the muscular stroma. This procedure also influenced the macrophage population and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, metalloproteinases, in addition to increasing oxidative stress. Coconut oil consumption, in contrast, attenuated or inhibited these age-related alterations intensified by the gavage procedure. Thus, coconut oil consumption over aging resulted in supportive data for the use of this oil as a phytotherapeutic agent in the HPB treatment.
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Palavras-chave
Próstata, Envelhecimento, Hiperplasia, Óleo de coco, Prostate, Ageing, Gerbilos, Coconut oil