Representação gráfica e linguagem cartográfica tátil: estudo de casos
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Data
2012-06-18
Autores
Ventorini, Sílvia Elena [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nesta Tese, discorremos sobre nossa trajetória de pesquisa na busca de fundamentação teórico-metodológica para analisar dados sobre a organização espacial de alunos cegos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola especial com o objetivo de investigar como os educandos cegos organizavam os objetos no espaço e que estratégias usavam para constituir suas representações. Os educandos representaram locais de seu cotidiano por meio de desenhos, maquetes e narrativas. Ao longo do estudo surgem problematizações e insights que nos direcionam a ouvir outrem, buscando compreender não só suas representações (desenhos e maquetes), mas sua enunciação. A cada enunciação de outrem, surgia em nós, uma série de outras palavras, quase sempre, organizadas em forma de perguntas. Questionamentos que instigaram reflexões sobre a ausência e a necessidade de uma metodologia do ensino do mapa tátil. Partimos, então, da hipótese de que se tivéssemos acesso aos conhecimentos sobre como os alunos cegos apreendem o espaço e o representam, poderíamos utilizá-los para mediar à aquisição do conceito de mapa. A partir da referida hipótese, dialogamos com autores cujas discussões apresentam abordagem metodológica e cognitiva sobre a capacidade de representar o espaço por parte dos alunos cegos, considerando os mecanismos perceptivos e cognitivos do sujeito, sem compará-lo às pessoas dotadas de visão. Dialogamos, assim, com estudiosos da área da Psicologia que investigam os desenvolvimentos motor e cognitivo de crianças cegas e a relação destes com o espaço. Nestas leituras constatamos a importância das relações sociais nos referidos desenvolvimentos, por isso optamos por analisar os dados na perspectiva histórico-cultural. As análises dos resultados indicam que os alunos cegos...
In this thesis we discuss our trajectory of research in the search of a theoretical-methodological foundation in order to examine data on the spatial organization of blind students. The aim of this research was to investigate how blind learners arrange the objects in space and what strategies they use to build up their representations. The investigation was developed in a special school. The students represented places of their daily lives by means of drawings, maquettes and narratives. On the course of the study we had some questionings and insights which leaded us to read and to listen to other authors, seeking to understand not only the representation (drawings and maquettes) of those students but also its enunciation. To each enunciation of the others we had a number of extra words organized in the form of questions almost always. Questions that instigated reflections on the lack of and on the need of a methodology to teach the tactile map. Then we assume that if we had access to knowledge of how the blind students perceive and represent space, we could use them to mediate the acquisition of the concept of map. From this hypothesis, we dialogued with authors whose discussions have methodological and cognitive approach on the capacity of blind students on representing space, taking into consideration their perceptive and cognitive mechanisms. We did not compare them to people who can see. We also got in touch with Psychology researches that investigate the blind children motor and cognitive development and their relation with space. In these readings we observed the magnitude of social relationships to the motor and cognitive development. Consequently we decided to analyze our data in the historical-cultural perspective. The analysis of the results indicate that the blind students, who... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In this thesis we discuss our trajectory of research in the search of a theoretical-methodological foundation in order to examine data on the spatial organization of blind students. The aim of this research was to investigate how blind learners arrange the objects in space and what strategies they use to build up their representations. The investigation was developed in a special school. The students represented places of their daily lives by means of drawings, maquettes and narratives. On the course of the study we had some questionings and insights which leaded us to read and to listen to other authors, seeking to understand not only the representation (drawings and maquettes) of those students but also its enunciation. To each enunciation of the others we had a number of extra words organized in the form of questions almost always. Questions that instigated reflections on the lack of and on the need of a methodology to teach the tactile map. Then we assume that if we had access to knowledge of how the blind students perceive and represent space, we could use them to mediate the acquisition of the concept of map. From this hypothesis, we dialogued with authors whose discussions have methodological and cognitive approach on the capacity of blind students on representing space, taking into consideration their perceptive and cognitive mechanisms. We did not compare them to people who can see. We also got in touch with Psychology researches that investigate the blind children motor and cognitive development and their relation with space. In these readings we observed the magnitude of social relationships to the motor and cognitive development. Consequently we decided to analyze our data in the historical-cultural perspective. The analysis of the results indicate that the blind students, who... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cegos - Educação, Percepção espacial, Geografia - Estudo e ensino, Cartografia
Como citar
VENTORINI, Sílvia Elena. Representação gráfica e linguagem cartográfica tátil: estudo de casos. 2012. 170 f. Tese - (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2012.