Procedimento numérico para análise de vigas de alvenaria estrutural submetidas à flexão simples
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Data
2010-08-04
Autores
Altran, Daniele Araujo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Engenharia de Estruturas é uma área de grande importância na construção civil, uma vez que sua essência é a otimização de projetos. Para atender essa necessidade, os métodos numéricos são excelentes ferramentas, que auxiliam os profissionais a obterem, com maior agilidade, projetos de alta qualidade, diminuindo custos e prazos. Além disso, a alvenaria estrutural é um sistema que satisfaz essa procura por projetos otimizados, devido à agilidade na construção, com projetos modulados, equipe e equipamentos especializados, que garantem rapidez e diminuição de custos. Nesse cenário, o presente trabalho aborda um procedimento numérico para análise do comportamento não-linear de dois modelos de vigas de alvenaria estrutural submetidos à flexão simples. Um formado somente por blocos canaleta de concreto, sobrepostos em duas fiadas; e outro, composto pela fiada inferior de blocos-canaleta e a superior, por blocos vazados, ambos os modelos grauteados. As vigas foram discretizadas com o elemento finito prismático regular linear, sendo que, para o bloco, a argamassa e o graute, se utilizou o Critério Mohr-Coulomb, para prever a ruptura e os redutores de rigidez baseados na diminuição do módulo de elasticidade. Ao final, foram comparados os resultados numéricos, obtidos com presença e ausência dos redutores de rigidez, com os observados em modelos experimentais desenvolvidos no Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa da Alvenaria Estrutural (NEPAE) da Faculdade de Engenharia, Campus de Ilha Solteira, UNESP. As análises numéricas realizadas produziram resultados satisfatórios para os dois modelos de vigas abordados, sendo também possível observar o aumento de rigidez da viga com blocos-canaleta e blocos vazados.
The Structural Engineering is a very important area in civil construction, since its essence is the optimization of designs. To attend the actual necessities, the numerical methods come to be excellent tools, which help professionals to obtain, with more agility, high quality designs, reducing the costs and deadlines. Besides, that structural masonry is a system that satisfies the searching for optimized projects, due to its agility in constructions, with modulated designs, specialized staff and equipments that warrant fast and low costs. In this scenario, this paper deals with numerical proceeding for analyzing the nonlinear behavior of two models of structural masonry beams subjected to bending. One, formed only for “U” blocks of concrete overlapping in two rows; and another, composed of channel blocks in the bottom row and the upper row made of hollow blocks, both models entirely grouted. The beams were discretized with linear regular prismatic finite element, and for the block, mortar and grout it was used the Mohr- Coulomb Criteria, to expect the rupture and reducers of rigidity based on the decreasing of strain modulus. In the end, the obtained numerical results with the presence and absence of reducers of rigidity were compared, with those observed in experimental models developed at the Structural Masonry Study and Research Center, Faculty of Engineering Ilha Solteira Campus, UNESP. The accomplished numerical analys produced satisfactory results for the two beam models, and it has been also possible to observe the increase of rigidity in the beam with channel and hollow blocks.
The Structural Engineering is a very important area in civil construction, since its essence is the optimization of designs. To attend the actual necessities, the numerical methods come to be excellent tools, which help professionals to obtain, with more agility, high quality designs, reducing the costs and deadlines. Besides, that structural masonry is a system that satisfies the searching for optimized projects, due to its agility in constructions, with modulated designs, specialized staff and equipments that warrant fast and low costs. In this scenario, this paper deals with numerical proceeding for analyzing the nonlinear behavior of two models of structural masonry beams subjected to bending. One, formed only for “U” blocks of concrete overlapping in two rows; and another, composed of channel blocks in the bottom row and the upper row made of hollow blocks, both models entirely grouted. The beams were discretized with linear regular prismatic finite element, and for the block, mortar and grout it was used the Mohr- Coulomb Criteria, to expect the rupture and reducers of rigidity based on the decreasing of strain modulus. In the end, the obtained numerical results with the presence and absence of reducers of rigidity were compared, with those observed in experimental models developed at the Structural Masonry Study and Research Center, Faculty of Engineering Ilha Solteira Campus, UNESP. The accomplished numerical analys produced satisfactory results for the two beam models, and it has been also possible to observe the increase of rigidity in the beam with channel and hollow blocks.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Método dos elementos finitos, Vigas, Alvenaria estrutural, Comportamento estrutural não-linear, Structural masonry, Finite element method, Nonlinear structural behavior, Beams
Como citar
ALTRAN, Daniele Araujo. Procedimento numérico para análise de vigas de alvenaria estrutural submetidas à flexão simples. 2010. 88 f. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2010.